{"id":98687,"date":"2024-10-18T11:55:36","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/ashrae-hvac-systemsandequipment-handbook-ip-2012\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T21:12:48","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T21:12:48","slug":"ashrae-hvac-systemsandequipment-handbook-ip-2012","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/ashrae\/ashrae-hvac-systemsandequipment-handbook-ip-2012\/","title":{"rendered":"ASHRAE HVAC SystemsandEquipment Handbook IP 2012"},"content":{"rendered":"

The 2012 ASHRAE Handbook–HVAC Systems and Equipment discusses various systems and the equipment (components or assemblies) they comprise, and describes features and differences. This information helps system designers and operators in selecting and using equipment.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n12FrontCover IP
2012
ASHRAE HANDBOOK
I-P Edition
Supported by ASHRAE Research <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n12Inside4VolTOC IP
2012 HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
2011 HVAC APPLICATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n2010 REFRIGERATION
2009 FUNDAMENTALS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nI-P_12FrontMatter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nDedicated To The Advancement Of
The Profession And Its Allied Industries
DISCLAIMER <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch01
Selecting a System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\nAdditional Goals
System Constraints
Constructability Constraints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\nNarrowing the Choices
Selection Report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\nHVAC Systems and Equipment
Decentralized System Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\nCentralized System Characteristics
Air Distribution Systems
Primary Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\nRefrigeration Equipment
Heating Equipment
Air Delivery Equipment
Space Requirements
Equipment Rooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\nFan Rooms
Horizontal Distribution
Vertical Shafts
Rooftop Equipment
Equipment Access
Air Distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\nAir Terminal Units
Duct Insulation
Ceiling and Floor Plenums
Pipe Distribution
Pipe Systems
Pipe Insulation
Security <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\nAutomatic Controls and Building Management System
Maintenance Management System
Building System Commissioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch02
System Characteristics
Advantages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\nDisadvantages
Design Considerations
Air-Side Economizer
Water-Side Economizer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nAdvantages
Disadvantages
Window-Mounted and Through-the-Wall Room HVAC Units
Advantages
Disadvantages
Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\nWater-Source Heat Pump Systems
Advantages
Disadvantages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nDesign Considerations
Multiple-Unit Systems
Advantages
Disadvantages
Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nResidential and Light Commercial Split Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nAdvantages
Disadvantages
Design Considerations
Commercial Self-Contained (Floor-by-Floor) Systems
Advantages
Disadvantages
Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\nCommercial Outdoor Packaged Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nAdvantages
Disadvantages
Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nAutomatic Controls and Building Management Systems
Maintenance Management
Building System Commissioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch03
System Characteristics
Advantages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\nDisadvantages
Design Considerations
Cooling and Heating Loads
System Flow Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\nEnergy Recovery and Thermal Storage
Equipment
Primary Refrigeration Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nAncillary Refrigeration Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\nPrimary Heating Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nAncillary Heating Equipment
Distribution Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nAcoustic, Vibration, Wind, and Seismic Considerations
Sound and Vibration
Seismic and Wind Issues
Space Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nLocation of Central Plant and Equipment
Central Plant Security
Automatic Controls and Building Management Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nInstrumentation
Maintenance Management Systems
Building System Commissioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch04
Advantages
Disadvantages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\nHeating and Cooling Calculations
Zoning
Space Heating
Air Temperature Versus Air Quantity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\nSpace Pressure
Other Considerations
First, Operating, and Maintenance Costs
Energy
Air-Handling Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\nPrimary Equipment
Air-Handling Equipment
Central Mechanical Equipment Rooms (MERs)
Decentralized MERs
Fans
Air-Handling Unit Psychrometric Processes
Cooling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nHeating
Humidification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\nDehumidification
Air Mixing or Blending
Air-Handling Unit Components
Return Air Fan
Relief Air Fan
Automatic Dampers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\nRelief Openings
Return Air Dampers
Outdoor Air Intakes
Economizers
Mixing Plenums <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\nStatic Air Mixers
Filter Section
Preheat Coil
Cooling Coil
Reheat Coil
Humidifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\nDehumidifiers
Energy Recovery Devices
Sound Control Devices
Supply Air Fan
Miscellaneous Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\nAir Distribution
Ductwork Design
Air-Handling Systems
Single-Duct Systems
Constant Volume <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nVariable Air Volume (VAV) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nDual-Duct Systems
Constant Volume
Variable Air Volume <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nMultizone Systems
Special Systems
Primary\/Secondary
Dedicated Outdoor Air <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\nUnderfloor Air Distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nWetted Duct\/Supersaturated
Compressed-Air and Water Spray
Low-Temperature
Smoke Management
Terminal Units
Constant-Volume Reheat <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\nVariable Air Volume <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nTerminal Humidifiers
Terminal Filters
Air Distribution System Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nAutomatic Controls and Building Management Systems
Maintenance Management System
Building System Commissioning
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch05
System Characteristics
Advantages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\nDisadvantages
Heating and Cooling Calculations
Space Heating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nCentral (Primary-Air) Ventilation Systems
Central Plant Sizing
Building Pressurization
First, Operating, and Maintenance Costs
Energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\nLife-Cycle Costs
System Components and Configurations
Components
Configurations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nSecondary-Water Distribution
Piping Arrangements
Four-Pipe Distribution
Two-Pipe Distribution
Three-Pipe Distribution
Condenser Water Systems with Heat Pump Terminal Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nFan-Coil Unit and Unit Ventilator Systems
Types and Location
Ventilation Air Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\nSelection
Wiring
Condensate
Capacity Control
Maintenance
Variable-Refrigerant-Flow (VRF) units
Chilled-Beam Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\nTypes and Location
Ventilation Air Requirements
Selection
Wiring
Condensate
Capacity Control
Maintenance
Other Concerns <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nRadiant-Panel Heating Systems
Types and Location
Ventilation Air Requirements
Selection
Wiring
Capacity Control
Maintenance
Radiant-Floor Heating Systems
Types and Location
Ventilation Air Requirements
Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nWiring
Capacity Control
Maintenance
Induction Unit Systems
Supplemental Heating Units
Primary-Air Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\nPerformance Under Varying Load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\nChangeover Temperature
Two-Pipe Systems with Central Ventilation
Critical Design Elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\nChangeover Temperature Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\nNonchangeover Design
Zoning
Room Control
Evaluation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\nElectric Heat for Two-Pipe Systems
Four-Pipe Systems
Zoning
Room Control
Evaluation
Automatic Controls and Building Management Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\nMaintenance Management Systems and Building System Commissioning
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch06
Principles of Thermal Radiation
General Evaluation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\nHeat Transfer by Panel Surfaces
Heat Transfer by Thermal Radiation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\nHeat Transfer by Natural Convection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\nCombined Heat Flux (Thermal Radiation and Natural Convection) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\nGeneral Design Considerations
Panel Thermal Resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\nEffect of Floor Coverings
Panel Heat Losses or Gains <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\nPanel Performance
Panel Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nHeating and Cooling Panel Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nSpecial Cases
Hydronic Panel Systems
Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nHydronic Metal Ceiling Panels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\nDistribution and Layout <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nHydronic Wall Panels
Hydronic Floor Panels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nElectrically Heated Panel Systems
Electric Ceiling Panels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nElectric Wall Panels
Electric Floor Panels
Air-Heated or Air-Cooled Panels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nControls
Sensible Cooling Panel Controls
Heating Slab Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\nHybrid (Load-Sharing) HVAC Systems
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch07 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nTerminology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nCHP System Concepts
Custom-Engineered Systems
Packaged and Modular Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nLoad Profiling and Prime Mover Selection
Peak Shaving
Continuous-Duty Standby
Power Plant Incremental Heat Rate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nPerformance Parameters
Heating Value
CHP Electric Effectiveness
Power and Heating Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nFuel Energy Savings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nFuel-to-Power Components
Reciprocating Engines
Types
Performance Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\nFuels and Fuel Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\nCombustion Air
Lubricating Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\nStarting Systems
Cooling Systems
Exhaust Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\nEmissions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nInstruments and Controls
Noise and Vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nInstallation Ventilation Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\nOperation and Maintenance
Combustion Turbines
Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\nAdvantages
Disadvantages
Gas Turbine Cycle
Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\nPerformance Characteristics
Fuels and Fuel Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nCombustion Air <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\nLubricating Systems
Starting Systems
Exhaust Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nEmissions
Instruments and Controls
Noise and Vibration
Operation and Maintenance
Fuel Cells
Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nThermal-To-Power Components
Steam Turbines
Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\nPerformance Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\nFuel Systems
Lubricating Oil Systems
Power Systems
Exhaust Systems
Instruments and Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nOperation and Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\nOrganic Rankine Cycles
Expansion Engines\/Turbines
Stirling Engines
Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\nPerformance Characteristics
Fuel Systems
Power Systems
Exhaust Systems
Coolant Systems
Operation and Maintenance
Thermal-to-Thermal Components
Thermal Output Characteristics
Reciprocating Engines <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\nCombustion Turbines
Heat Recovery
Reciprocating Engines <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\nCombustion Turbines
Steam Turbines <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\nThermally Activated Technologies
Heat-Activated Chillers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\nDesiccant Dehumidification
Hot Water and Steam Heat Recovery
Thermal Energy Storage Technologies
Electrical Generators and Components
Generators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
138<\/td>\nSystem Design
CHP Electricity-Generating Systems
Thermal Loads
Prime Mover Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
139<\/td>\nAir Systems
Hydronic Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
140<\/td>\nService Water Heating
District Heating and Cooling
Utility Interfacing
Power Quality
Output Energy Streams <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\nCHP Shaft-Driven HVAC and Refrigeration Systems
Engine-Driven Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\nCombustion-Turbine-Driven Systems
Steam-Turbine-Driven Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\nCodes and Installation
General Installation Parameters
Utility Interconnection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\nAir Permits
Building, Zoning, and Fire Codes
Zoning
Building Code\/Structural Design
Mechanical\/Plumbing Code
Fire Code
Electrical Connection
Economic Feasibility
Economic Assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
146<\/td>\nPreliminary Feasibility Bin Analysis Examples
First Estimates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\nLoad Duration Curve Analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\nTwo-Dimensional Load Duration Curve
Analysis by Simulations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
150<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch08 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
153<\/td>\nAdvantages
Economic Benefits
Environmental Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\nDisadvantages
Definition and Theory
System Types
Evaporative Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\nChiller Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\nLNG Vaporization Systems
Hybrid Systems
Calculation of Power Capacity Enhancement and Economics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
158<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch09
Terminology
Applied Heat Pump Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
161<\/td>\nHeat Pump Cycles
Heat Sources and Sinks
Air <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\nWater
Ground
Solar Energy
Types of Heat Pumps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\nHeat Pump Components
Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\nHeat Transfer Components
Refrigeration Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\nControls
Supplemental Heating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
168<\/td>\nIndustrial Process Heat Pumps
Closed-Cycle Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\nOpen-Cycle and Semi-Open-Cycle Heat Pump Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\nHeat Recovery Design Principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
173<\/td>\nApplied Heat Recovery Systems
Waste Heat Recovery <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\nWater-Loop Heat Pump Systems
Description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\nDesign Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\nControls
Advantages of a WLHP System
Limitations of a WLHP System
Balanced Heat Recovery Systems
Definition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\nHeat Redistribution
Heat Balance Concept
Heat Balance Studies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
179<\/td>\nGeneral Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180<\/td>\nMultiple Buildings
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch10
Components
Heating and Cooling Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
184<\/td>\nDucts
Accessory Equipment
Controls
Common System Problems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\nSystem Design
Estimating Heating and Cooling Loads
Locating Outlets, Returns, Ducts, and Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
186<\/td>\nSelecting Heating and Cooling Equipment
Determining Airflow Requirements
Finalize Duct Design and Size
Selecting Supply and Return Grilles and Registers
Detailed Duct Design
Detailing the Duct Configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
188<\/td>\nDetailing the Distribution Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\nDuct Design Recommendations
Zone Control for Small Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
190<\/td>\nDuct Sizing for Zone Damper Systems
Box Plenum Systems Using Flexible Duct
Embedded Loop Ducts
Small Commercial Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\nAir Distribution in Small Commercial Buildings
Controlling Airflow in New Buildings
Testing for Duct Efficiency
Data Inputs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
192<\/td>\nData Output
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
195<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch11
Advantages
Fundamentals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\nEffects of Water , Air , and Gases
Heat Transfer
Basic Steam System Design
Steam Source <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\nBoilers
Heat Recovery and Waste Heat Boilers
Heat Exchangers
Boiler Connections
Supply Piping
Return Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\nDesign Steam Pressure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\nPiping
Supply Piping Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nTerminal Equipment Piping Design Considerations
Return Piping Design Considerations
Condensate Removal from Temperature-Regulated Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\nSteam Traps
Thermostatic Traps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
202<\/td>\nMechanical Traps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
203<\/td>\nKinetic Traps
Pressure-Reducing Valves
Installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
205<\/td>\nValve Size Selection
Terminal Equipment
Selection
Natural Convection Units
Forced-Convection Units
Convection Steam Heating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\nOne-Pipe Steam Heating Systems
Two-Pipe Steam Heating Systems
Steam Distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
207<\/td>\nTemperature Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
208<\/td>\nHeat Recovery
Flash Steam <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
209<\/td>\nDirect Heat Recovery
Combined Steam and Water Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
210<\/td>\nCommissioning
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch12
Applicability
Components
Environmental Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
212<\/td>\nEconomic Considerations
Consumer Economics
Producer Economics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
213<\/td>\nDistrict Energy Economic Comparison <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\nCentral Plant
Heating and Cooling Production
Heating Medium <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
217<\/td>\nHeat Production
Chilled-Water Production <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\nThermal Storage
Auxiliaries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
219<\/td>\nDistribution Design Considerations
Constant Flow
Variable Flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220<\/td>\nDesign Guidelines
Distribution System
Hydraulic Considerations
Objectives of Hydraulic Design
Water Hammer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
221<\/td>\nPressure Losses
Pipe Sizing
Network Calculations
Condensate Drainage and Return <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\nThermal Considerations
Thermal Design Conditions
Thermal Properties of Pipe Insulation and Soil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
223<\/td>\nMethods of Heat Transfer Analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\nCalculation of Undisturbed Soil Temperatures
Convective Heat Transfer at Ground Surface <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\nUninsulated Buried Pipe
Insulated Buried Pipe
Buried Pipe in Conduit with Air Space <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
226<\/td>\nBuried Pipe with Composite Insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
228<\/td>\nTwo Pipes Buried in Common Conduit with Air Space <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nTwo Buried Pipes or Conduits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
230<\/td>\nPipes in Buried Trenches or Tunnels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
231<\/td>\nPipes in Shallow Trenches
Buried Pipes with Other Geometries
Pipes in Air <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nEconomical Thickness for Pipe Insulation
Expansion Provisions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
233<\/td>\nPipe Supports, Guides, and Anchors
Distribution System Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
234<\/td>\nPiping Materials and Standards
Aboveground Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
235<\/td>\nUnderground Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
237<\/td>\nConduits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
239<\/td>\nCathodic Protection of Direct-Buried Conduits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
240<\/td>\nLeak Detection
Valve Vaults and Entry Pits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
242<\/td>\nConsumer Interconnections
Direct Connection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
243<\/td>\nIndirect Connection
Components
Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
244<\/td>\nFlow Control Devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
245<\/td>\nInstrumentation
Controller
Pressure Control Devices
Heating Connections
Steam Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
246<\/td>\nHot-Water Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
247<\/td>\nBuilding Conversion to District Heating
Chilled-Water Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
248<\/td>\nTemperature Differential Control
Metering <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\nOperation and Maintenance
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch13
Principles
Temperature Classifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\nClosed Water Systems
Method of Design
Thermal Components
Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
253<\/td>\nTerminal Heating and Cooling Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\nSource
Expansion Chamber <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
256<\/td>\nHydraulic Components
Pump or Pumping System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
258<\/td>\nVariable-Speed Pumping Application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
260<\/td>\nPump Connection
Distribution System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
261<\/td>\nExpansion Chamber
Piping Circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
263<\/td>\nCapacity Control of Load System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
264<\/td>\nSizing Control Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
266<\/td>\nAlternatives to Control Valves
Low-Temperature Heating Systems
Nonresidential Heating Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
267<\/td>\nChilled-Water Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
269<\/td>\nDual-Temperature Systems
Two-Pipe Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
270<\/td>\nFour-Pipe Common Load Systems
Four-Pipe Independent Load Systems
Other Design Considerations
Makeup and Fill Water Systems
Safety Relief Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
271<\/td>\nAir Elimination
Drain and Shutoff
Balance Fittings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
272<\/td>\nPitch
Strainers
Thermometers
Flexible Connectors and Pipe Expansion Compensation
Gage Cocks
Insulation
Condensate Drains
Common Pipe
Other Design Procedures
Preliminary Equipment Layout <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
273<\/td>\nFinal Pipe Sizing and Pressure Drop Determination
Freeze Prevention
Antifreeze Solutions
Effect on Heat Transfer and Flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
274<\/td>\nEffect on Heat Source or Chiller
Effect on Terminal Units
Effect on Pump Performance
Effect on Piping Pressure Loss <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275<\/td>\nInstallation and Maintenance
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
277<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch14
Once-Through City Water Systems
Open Cooling Tower Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
278<\/td>\nAir and Vapor Precautions
Pump Selection and Pressure Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
279<\/td>\nWater Treatment
Freeze Protection and Winter Operation
Low-Temperature (Water Economizer) Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
280<\/td>\nClosed-Circuit Evaporative Coolers
Overpressure caused by Thermal Fluid Expansion
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
281<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch15
System Characteristics
Basic System <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
282<\/td>\nDesign Considerations
Direct-Fired High-Temperature Water Generators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
283<\/td>\nExpansion and Pressurization <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
285<\/td>\nDirect-Contact Heaters (Cascades)
System Circulating Pumps
Distribution Piping Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
286<\/td>\nHeat Exchangers
Air-Heating Coils
Space-Heating Equipment
Instrumentation and Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\nWater Treatment
Heat Storage
Safety Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
288<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
289<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch16
Energy Conservation
Infrared Energy Sources
Gas Infrared <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
290<\/td>\nElectric Infrared <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
291<\/td>\nOil Infrared
System Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\nReflectors
Controls
Precautions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\nMaintenance
Design Considerations for Beam Radiant Heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
296<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
297<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch17
Terminology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
298<\/td>\nUVGI Fundamentals
Microbial Dose Response
Susceptibility of Microorganisms to UV Energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
299<\/td>\nLamps and Ballasts
Types of UV-C Lamps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\nUV-C Lamp Ballasts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
301<\/td>\nGermicidal Lamp Cooling and Heating Effects
UV-C Lamp Aging
UV-C Lamp Irradiance
UV Photodegradation of Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
302<\/td>\nMaintenance
Lamp Replacement
Lamp Disposal
Visual Inspection
Safety
Hazards of Ultraviolet Radiation to Humans <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
303<\/td>\nSources of UV Exposure
Exposure Limits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
304<\/td>\nUV Radiation Measurements
Safety Design Guidance
Personnel Safety Training
Lamp Breakage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
305<\/td>\nUnit Conversions
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
307<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch18 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
309<\/td>\nStandards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
310<\/td>\nEquipment
VRF System Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
313<\/td>\nDesign Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
314<\/td>\nVRF System Design Example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
320<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
323<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch19
Building Code Requirements
Classifications
Duct Cleaning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
324<\/td>\nHVAC System Leakage
System Sealing
Sealants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
325<\/td>\nLeakage Testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
327<\/td>\nResponsibilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
328<\/td>\nAir-Handling Unit Leakage
Residential Duct Construction
Commercial Duct Construction
Materials
Rectangular and Round Ducts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
329<\/td>\nFlat Oval Ducts
Fibrous Glass Ducts
Flexible Ducts
Plenums and Apparatus Casings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
330<\/td>\nAcoustical Treatment
Hangers
Industrial Duct Construction
Materials
Round Ducts
Rectangular Ducts
Construction Details <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
331<\/td>\nHangers
Antimicrobial-Treated Ducts
Duct Construction for Grease- and Moisture-Laden Vapors
Factory-Built Grease Duct Systems
Site-Built Grease Duct Systems
Duct Systems for Moisture-Laden Air
Rigid Plastic Ducts
Air Dispersion Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
332<\/td>\nDispersion Types
Underground Ducts
Ducts Outside Buildings
Seismic Qualification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
333<\/td>\nSheet Metal Welding
Thermal Insulation
Specifications
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
334<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
335<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch20
Supply Outlets
Fully Mixed Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
336<\/td>\nOutlet Selection Procedure
Factors that Influence Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
337<\/td>\nFully Stratified Systems
Outlet Selection Procedure
Factors that Influence Selection
Partially Mixed Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
338<\/td>\nOutlet Selection Procedures
Factors that Influence Selection
Types of Supply Air Outlets
Grilles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
340<\/td>\nNozzles
Diffusers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
341<\/td>\nReturn and Exhaust Air Inlets
Types of Inlets
V-Bar Grille
Lightproof Grille
Stamped Grilles
Eggcrate and Perforated-Face Grilles
Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
342<\/td>\nTerminal Units
General
Single-Duct Terminal Units
Dual-Duct Terminal Units
Air-to-Air Induction Terminal Units
Fan-Powered Terminal Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
343<\/td>\nBypass Terminal Units
Chilled Beams
Beam Types and Configurations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
344<\/td>\nFan-Coil Unit Systems
Two- and Four-Pipe Distribution Systems
Maintenance
Motors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
345<\/td>\nControls
Configurations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
346<\/td>\nDX Fan-Coils
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
347<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch21
Types of Fans
Principles of Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
348<\/td>\nTesting and Rating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
350<\/td>\nFan Laws <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
352<\/td>\nFan and System Pressure Relationships <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
353<\/td>\nTemperature Rise Across Fans
Duct System Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
354<\/td>\nSystem Effects
Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
355<\/td>\nParallel Fan Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
356<\/td>\nNoise
Vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
357<\/td>\nVibration Isolation
Arrangement and Installation
Fan Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
358<\/td>\nSymbols
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
359<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch22
Environmental Conditions
Human Comfort
Prevention and Treatment of Disease
Electronic Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
360<\/td>\nProcess Control and Materials Storage
Static Electricity
Sound Wave Transmission
Miscellaneous
Enclosure Characteristics
Vapor Retarders <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
361<\/td>\nVisible Condensation
Concealed Condensation
Energy Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
362<\/td>\nLoad Calculations
Design Conditions
Ventilation Rate
Additional Moisture Losses
Internal Moisture Gains <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
363<\/td>\nSupply Water for Humidifiers
Scaling
Potential Bacterial Growth
Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
364<\/td>\nResidential Humidifiers for Central Air Systems
Residential Humidifiers for Nonducted Applications
Industrial and Commercial Humidifiers for Central Air Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
367<\/td>\nControls
Mechanical Controls
Electronic Controllers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
369<\/td>\nHumidity Control in VAV Systems
Control Location
Management Systems
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
370<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
371<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch23
Uses for Coils
Coil Construction and Arrangement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
372<\/td>\nWater and Aqueous Glycol Coils
Direct-Expansion Coils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
373<\/td>\nControl of Coils
Flow Arrangement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
374<\/td>\nApplications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
375<\/td>\nCoil Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
376<\/td>\nPerformance and Ratings
Airflow Resistance
Heat Transfer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
377<\/td>\nPerformance of Sensible Cooling Coils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
379<\/td>\nPerformance of Dehumidifying Coils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
384<\/td>\nDetermining Refrigeration Load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
385<\/td>\nMaintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
386<\/td>\nSymbols
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
387<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch24
Methods of Dehumidification
Compression <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
388<\/td>\nCooling
Liquid Desiccants
Solid Sorption
Desiccant Dehumidification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
389<\/td>\nLiquid-Desiccant Equipment
Heat Removal
Regeneration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
390<\/td>\nSolid-Sorption Equipment
Rotary Solid-Desiccant Dehumidifiers
Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
392<\/td>\nUse of Cooling
Using Units in Series <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
393<\/td>\nIndustrial Rotary Desiccant Dehumidifier Performance
Equipment Operating Recommendations
Process Air Filters
Reactivation\/Regeneration Filters
Reactivation\/Regeneration Ductwork
Leakage
Airflow Indication and Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
394<\/td>\nCommissioning
Owners\u2019 and Operators\u2019 Perspectives
Applications for Atmospheric-Pressure Dehumidification
Preservation of Materials in Storage
Process Dehumidification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
395<\/td>\nVentilation Air Dehumidification
Condensation Prevention
Dry Air-Conditioning Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
396<\/td>\nIndoor Air Quality Contaminant Control
Testing
Desiccant Drying at Elevated Pressure
Equipment
Absorption <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
397<\/td>\nAdsorption
Applications
Material Preservation
Process Drying of Air and Other Gases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
398<\/td>\nEquipment Testing
References
Bibliography
Additional Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
399<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch25
Mechanical Dehumidifiers
Psychrometrics of Dehumidification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
400<\/td>\nResidential Dehumidifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
401<\/td>\nGeneral-Purpose Dehumidifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
402<\/td>\nDX Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
403<\/td>\nIndoor Swimming Pool Dehumidifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
405<\/td>\nIce Rink Dehumidifiers
Industrial Dehumidifiers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
406<\/td>\nInstallation and Service Considerations
Wraparound Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
407<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
408<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
409<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch26
Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
410<\/td>\nBasic Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics of Heat Recovery Ventilators
Thermodynamics of Energy Recovery Ventilators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
412<\/td>\nIdeal Air-to-Air Energy Exchange
Airflow Arrangements
Effectiveness <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
413<\/td>\nRate of Energy Transfer
Additional Technical Considerations
Air Leakage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
414<\/td>\nAir Capacity of Ventilator Fans
Pressure Drop
Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
415<\/td>\nFiltration
Controls
Fouling
Corrosion
Condensation and Freeze-Up <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
416<\/td>\nPerformance Ratings
Types and Applications of Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers
Fixed-Plate Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
417<\/td>\nRotary Air-to-Air Energy Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
419<\/td>\nSystems with Multiple Energy Recovery Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
420<\/td>\nCoil Energy Recovery (Runaround) Loops <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
421<\/td>\nHeat Pipe Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
423<\/td>\nLiquid Desiccant Cooling Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
424<\/td>\nThermosiphon Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
426<\/td>\nTwin-Tower Enthalpy Recovery Loops <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
427<\/td>\nIndirect Evaporative Air Cooling
Precooling Air Reheaters (Series Application) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
428<\/td>\nComparison of Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Systems
Characterizing System Efficiency of Heat or Energy Recovery Ventilators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
429<\/td>\nSelection of Heat or Energy Recovery Ventilators
Economic Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
431<\/td>\nEnergy and\/or Mass Recovery Calculation Procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
435<\/td>\nSymbols
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
436<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
437<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch27
Coil Construction and Design
Steam Coils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
438<\/td>\nWater\/Aqueous Glycol Heating Coils <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
439<\/td>\nVolatile Refrigerant Heat Reclaim Coils
Electric Heating Coils
Coil Selection
Coil Ratings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
440<\/td>\nOverall Requirements
Installation Guidelines <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
441<\/td>\nCoil Maintenance
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
443<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch28
Unit Ventilators
Application
Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
445<\/td>\nControl <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
446<\/td>\nUnit Heaters
Application
Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
448<\/td>\nControl <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
449<\/td>\nPiping Connections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
450<\/td>\nMaintenance
Makeup Air Units
Description and Applications
Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
451<\/td>\nControl
Applicable Codes and Standards
Commissioning
Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
452<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
453<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch29
Atmospheric Dust
Aerosol Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
454<\/td>\nAir-Cleaning Applications
Mechanisms of Particle Collection
Evaluating Air Cleaners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
455<\/td>\nAir Cleaner Test Methods
Arrestance Test
Dust-Holding Capacity Test
Particle Size Removal Efficiency Test
DOP Penetration Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
456<\/td>\nLeakage (Scan) Tests
Other Performance Tests
Guideline 26-2008
Environmental Tests
AHRI Standards
Types of Air Cleaners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
457<\/td>\nFilter Types and Performance
Panel Filters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
458<\/td>\nElectronic Air Cleaners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
460<\/td>\nSelection and Maintenance
Residential Air Cleaners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
462<\/td>\nVAV Systems
Antimicrobial Treatment of Filter Media
Air Cleaner Installation
Safety Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
463<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
465<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch30
Equipment Selection
Regulations and Monitoring
Gas-Cleaning Regulations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
466<\/td>\nMeasuring Gas Streams and Contaminants
Gas Flow Distribution
Monitors and Controls
Particulate Contaminant Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
467<\/td>\nCollector Performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
468<\/td>\nMechanical Collectors
Settling Chambers
Inertial Collectors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
471<\/td>\nElectrostatic Precipitators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
472<\/td>\nSingle-Stage Designs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
473<\/td>\nTwo-Stage Designs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
474<\/td>\nFabric Filters
Principle of Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
475<\/td>\nPressure-Volume Relationships
Electrostatic Augmentation
Fabrics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
476<\/td>\nTypes of Self-Cleaning Mechanisms for Fabric Dust Collectors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
478<\/td>\nGranular-Bed Filters
Principle of Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
479<\/td>\nParticulate Scrubbers (Wet Collectors)
Principle of Operation
Spray Towers and Impingement Scrubbers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
480<\/td>\nCentrifugal-Type Collectors
Orifice-Type Collectors
Venturi Scrubber
Electrostatically Augmented Scrubbers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
481<\/td>\nGaseous Contaminant Control
Spray Dry Scrubbing
Principle of Operation
Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
482<\/td>\nWet-Packed Scrubbers
Scrubber Packings
Arrangements of Packed Scrubbers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
484<\/td>\nPressure Drop
Absorption Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
487<\/td>\nGeneral Efficiency Comparisons
Liquid Effects
Adsorption of Gaseous Contaminants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
488<\/td>\nEquipment for Adsorption
Solvent Recovery <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
489<\/td>\nOdor Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
490<\/td>\nApplications of Fluidized Bed Adsorbers
Incineration of Gases and Vapors
Thermal Oxidizers
Catalytic Oxidizers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
491<\/td>\nApplications of Oxidizers
Adsorption and Oxidation
Auxiliary Equipment
Ducts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
492<\/td>\nTemperature Controls
Fans
Dust- and Slurry-Handling Equipment
Hoppers
Dust Conveyors
Dust Disposal
Slurry Treatment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
493<\/td>\nOperation and Maintenance
Corrosion
Fires and Explosions
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
494<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
495<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch31
General Considerations
Terminology
System Application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
496<\/td>\nSafety
Efficiency and Emission Ratings
Steady-State and Cyclic Efficiency
Emissions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
497<\/td>\nGas-Burning Appliances
Gas-Fired Combustion Systems
Burners
Combustion System Flow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
498<\/td>\nIgnition
Input Rate Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
499<\/td>\nResidential Appliances
Boilers
Forced-Air Furnaces
Water Heaters
Combination Space- and Water-Heating Appliances
Pool Heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
500<\/td>\nConversion Burners
Commercial-Industrial Appliances
Boilers
Space Heaters
Water Heaters
Pool Heaters
Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
501<\/td>\nLocation
Gas Supply and Piping
Air for Combustion and Ventilation
Draft Control
Venting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
502<\/td>\nBuilding Depressurization
Gas Input Rate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
503<\/td>\nEffect of Gas Temperature and Barometric Pressure Changes on Gas Input Rate
Fuel Gas Interchangeability
Altitude <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
504<\/td>\nOil-Burning Appliances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
505<\/td>\nResidential Oil Burners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
506<\/td>\nCommercial\/Industrial Oil Burners
Pressure-Atomizing Oil Burners
Return-Flow Pressure-Atomizing Oil Burners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
507<\/td>\nAir-Atomizing Oil Burners
Horizontal Rotary Cup Oil Burners
Steam-Atomizing Oil Burners (Register Type)
Mechanical Atomizing Oil Burners (Register Type)
Return-Flow Mechanical Atomizing Oil Burners <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
508<\/td>\nDual-Fuel Gas\/Oil Burners
Equipment Selection
Fuel Oil Storage Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
509<\/td>\nFuel-Handling Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
510<\/td>\nFuel Oil Preparation System
Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances
Capacity Classification of Stokers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
511<\/td>\nStoker Types by Fuel-Feed Methods
Spreader Stokers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
512<\/td>\nUnderfeed Stokers
Chain and Traveling Grate Stokers
Vibrating Grate Stokers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
513<\/td>\nControls
Safety Controls and Interlocks
Ignition and Flame Monitoring <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
514<\/td>\nDraft Proving
Limit Controls
Other Safety Controls
Prescriptive Requirements for Safety Controls
Reliability of Safety Controls
Operating Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
515<\/td>\nIntegrated and Programmed Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
516<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
517<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch32
Classifications
Working Pressure and Temperature
Fuel Used
Construction Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
519<\/td>\nType of Draft
Condensing or Noncondensing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
520<\/td>\nWall-Hung Boilers
Integrated (Combination) Boilers
Electric Boilers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
521<\/td>\nSelection Parameters
Efficiency: Input and Output Ratings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
522<\/td>\nPerformance Codes and Standards
Sizing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
523<\/td>\nBurner Types
BOILER CONTROLS
Operating Controls
Water Level Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
524<\/td>\nFlame Safeguard Controls
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
525<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch33
Components
Casing or Cabinet
Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
526<\/td>\nCombustion Venting Components
Circulating Blowers and Motors
Filters and Other Accessories <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
527<\/td>\nAirflow Variations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
528<\/td>\nCombustion System Variations
Indoor\/Outdoor Furnace Variations
Heat Source Types
Natural Gas and Propane Furnaces
Oil Furnaces
Electric Furnaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
529<\/td>\nCommercial Equipment
Ducted Equipment
Unducted Heaters
Controls and Operating Characteristics
External to Furnace <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
530<\/td>\nInternal to Furnace
Equipment Selection
Distribution System
Equipment Location
Forced-Air System Primary Use <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
531<\/td>\nFuel Selection
Combustion Air and Venting
Equipment Sizing
Types of Furnaces
Consumer Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
532<\/td>\nSelecting Furnaces for Commercial Buildings
Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
533<\/td>\nTechnical Data
Natural Gas Furnaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
534<\/td>\nPropane Furnaces
Oil Furnaces
Electric Furnaces
Commercial Furnaces
Installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
535<\/td>\nAgency Listings
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
536<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
537<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch34
Gas In-Space Heaters
Room Heaters
Wall Furnaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
538<\/td>\nFloor Furnaces
United States Minimum Efficiency Requirements
Controls
Valves
Thermostats <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
539<\/td>\nVent Connectors
Sizing Units
Oil and Kerosene In-Space Heaters
Vaporizing Oil Pot Heaters
Powered Atomizing Heaters
Portable Kerosene Heaters
Electric In-Space Heaters
Wall, Floor, Toe Space, and Ceiling Heaters
Baseboard Heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
540<\/td>\nRadiant Heating Systems
Heating Panels and Heating Panel Sets
Embedded Cable and Storage Heating Systems
Cord-Connected Portable Heaters
Controls
Solid-Fuel In-Space Heaters
Fireplaces
Simple Fireplaces
Factory-Built Fireplaces <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
541<\/td>\nFreestanding Fireplaces
Stoves
Conventional Wood Stoves
Advanced-Design Wood Stoves
Fireplace Inserts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
542<\/td>\nPellet-Burning Stoves
General Installation Practices
Safety with Solid Fuels
Utility-Furnished Energy
Products of Combustion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
543<\/td>\nAgency Testing
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
545<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch35
Terminology
Draft Operating Principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
546<\/td>\nChimney Functions
Start-Up
Air Intakes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
547<\/td>\nVent Size
Draft Control
Pollution Control
Equipment Location
Wind Effects
Safety Factors
Steady-State Chimney Design Equations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
548<\/td>\n1. Mass Flow of Combustion Products in Chimneys and Vents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
549<\/td>\n2. Mean Chimney Gas Temperature and Density <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
551<\/td>\n3. Theoretical Draft <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
552<\/td>\n4. System Pressure Loss Caused by Flow
5. Available Draft
6. Chimney Gas Velocity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
553<\/td>\n7. System Resistance Coefficient <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
554<\/td>\nConfiguration and Manifolding Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
555<\/td>\n8. Input, Diameter, and Temperature Relationships <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
556<\/td>\n9. Volumetric Flow in Chimney or System
10. Graphical Solution of Chimney or Vent System
Steady-State Chimney Design Graphical Solutions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
558<\/td>\nVent and Chimney Capacity Calculation Examples <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
563<\/td>\nGas Appliance Venting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
564<\/td>\nVent Connectors
Masonry Chimneys for Gas Appliances
Type B and Type L Factory-Built Venting Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
565<\/td>\nGas Appliances Without Draft Hoods
Conversion to Gas
Oil-Fired Appliance Venting
Condensation and Corrosion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
566<\/td>\nConnector and Chimney Corrosion
Vent Connectors
Masonry Chimneys for Oil-Fired Appliances
Replacement of Appliances <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
567<\/td>\nFireplace Chimneys <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
572<\/td>\nAir Supply to Fuel-Burning Appliances
Vent and Chimney Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
574<\/td>\nVent and Chimney Accessories
Draft Hoods
Draft Regulators
Vent Dampers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
575<\/td>\nHeat Exchangers or Flue Gas Heat Extractors
Draft Fans <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
576<\/td>\nTerminations: Caps and Wind Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
578<\/td>\nCodes and Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
579<\/td>\nConversion Factors
Symbols
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
580<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
581<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch36
Description
Radiators
Pipe Coils
Convectors
Baseboard Units
Finned-Tube Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
582<\/td>\nHeat Emission
Ratings of Heat-Distributing Units
Radiators
Convectors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
583<\/td>\nBaseboard Units
Finned-Tube Units
Other Heat-Distributing Units
Corrections for Nonstandard Conditions
Design
Effect of Water Velocity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
585<\/td>\nEffect of Altitude
Effect of Mass
Performance at Low Water Temperatures
Effect of Enclosure and Paint
Applications
Radiators
Convectors
Baseboard Radiation
Finned-Tube Radiation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
586<\/td>\nRadiant Panels
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
587<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch37
Solar Heating Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
588<\/td>\nAir-Heating Systems
Liquid-Heating Systems
Direct and Indirect Systems
Freeze Protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
589<\/td>\nSolar Thermal Energy Collectors
Collector Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
590<\/td>\nCollector Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
592<\/td>\nRow Design
Piping Configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
593<\/td>\nVelocity Limitations
Thermal Expansion
Array Design
Piping Configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
594<\/td>\nShading
Thermal Collector Performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
596<\/td>\nTesting Methods
Collector Test Results and Initial Screening Methods
Generic Test Results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
597<\/td>\nThermal Energy Storage
Air System Thermal Storage
Liquid System Thermal Storage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
599<\/td>\nStorage Tank Construction
Storage Tank Insulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
600<\/td>\nStratification and Short Circuiting
Storage Sizing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
601<\/td>\nHeat Exchangers
Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
602<\/td>\nInternal Heat Exchanger
External Heat Exchanger <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
603<\/td>\nHeat Exchanger Performance
Controls
Differential Temperature Controllers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
604<\/td>\nPhotovoltaically Powered Pumps
Overtemperature Protection
Hot-Water Dump <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
605<\/td>\nHeat Exchanger Freeze Protection
Photovoltaic Systems
Fundamentals of Photovoltaics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
606<\/td>\nPhotovoltaic Cells and Modules <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
607<\/td>\nRelated Equipment
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
608<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
609<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch38
Positive-Displacement Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
610<\/td>\nPerformance
Ideal Compressor <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
611<\/td>\nActual Compressor
Compressor Efficiency, Subcooling, and Superheating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
612<\/td>\nAbnormal Operating Conditions, Hazards, and Protective Devices
Liquid Hazard
Suction and Discharge Pulsations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
613<\/td>\nNoise
Vibration
Shock
Testing and Operating Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
614<\/td>\nMotors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
615<\/td>\nReciprocating Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
616<\/td>\nPerformance Data
Motor Performance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
617<\/td>\nFeatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
619<\/td>\nSpecial Devices
Application
Rotary Compressors
Rolling-Piston Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
620<\/td>\nPerformance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
621<\/td>\nFeatures
Rotary-Vane Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
622<\/td>\nSingle-Screw Compressors
Description
Compression Process
Mechanical Features <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
626<\/td>\nNoise and Vibration
Twin-Screw Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
627<\/td>\nCompression Process
Mechanical Features <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
628<\/td>\nCapacity Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
629<\/td>\nVolume (Compression) Ratio
Oil Injection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
631<\/td>\nEconomizers
Hermetic and Semihermetic Compressors
Performance Characteristics
Noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
632<\/td>\nOrbital Compressors
Scroll Compressors
Description
Mechanical Features <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
633<\/td>\nCapacity Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
634<\/td>\nPerformance
Noise and Vibration
Operation and Maintenance
Trochoidal Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
635<\/td>\nDescription and Performance
Centrifugal Compressors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
636<\/td>\nRefrigeration Cycle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
637<\/td>\nAngular Momentum
Isentropic Analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
638<\/td>\nPolytropic Analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
639<\/td>\nNondimensional Coefficients
Mach Number <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
640<\/td>\nPerformance
Testing
Surging <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
641<\/td>\nSystem Balance and Capacity Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
642<\/td>\nApplication
Critical Speed
Vibration
Noise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
643<\/td>\nDrivers
Paralleling
Other Specialized Applications
Mechanical Design
Impellers
Casings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
644<\/td>\nLubrication
Bearings
Accessories
Operation and Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
645<\/td>\nSymbols
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
647<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch39
Water-Cooled Condensers
Heat Removal <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
648<\/td>\nHeat Transfer
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
Water-Side Film Coefficient
Refrigerant-Side Film Coefficient <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
649<\/td>\nTube-Wall Resistance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
650<\/td>\nSurface Efficiency
Fouling Factor
Water Pressure Drop <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
651<\/td>\nLiquid Subcooling
Water Circuiting
Types
Shell-and-Tube Condensers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
652<\/td>\nShell-and-Coil Condensers
Tube-in-Tube Condensers
Brazed-Plate and Plate-and-Frame Condensers
Noncondensable Gases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
653<\/td>\nTesting and Rating
Design Pressure
Operation and Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
654<\/td>\nAir-Cooled Condensers
Types
Plate-and-Fin <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
655<\/td>\nIntegral-Fin
Microchannel
Fans and Air Requirements
Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
656<\/td>\nCondensers Remote from Compressor
Condensers as Part of Condensing Unit
Water-Cooled Versus Air-Cooled Condensing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
657<\/td>\nTesting and Rating
Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
659<\/td>\nInstallation and Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
660<\/td>\nEvaporative Condensers
Heat Transfer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
661<\/td>\nCondenser Configuration
Coils
Method of Coil Wetting
Airflow
Condenser Location <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
662<\/td>\nMultiple-Condenser Installations
Ratings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
663<\/td>\nDesuperheating Coils
Refrigerant Liquid Subcoolers
Multicircuit Condensers and Coolers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
664<\/td>\nWater Treatment
Water Consumption
Capacity Modulation
Purging
Maintenance
Testing and Rating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
665<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
666<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
667<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch40
Principle of Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
668<\/td>\nDesign Conditions
Types of Cooling Towers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
670<\/td>\nDirect-Contact Cooling Towers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
673<\/td>\nIndirect-Contact Cooling Towers
Hybrid Cooling Towers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
675<\/td>\nMaterials of Construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
676<\/td>\nSelection Considerations
Application
Siting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
677<\/td>\nPiping
Capacity Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
678<\/td>\nWater-Side Economizer (Free Cooling) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
679<\/td>\nWinter Operation
Sound <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
680<\/td>\nDrift
Fogging (Cooling Tower Plume)
Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
681<\/td>\nInspections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
682<\/td>\nWater Treatment
White Rust <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
683<\/td>\nPerformance Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
684<\/td>\nCooling Tower Thermal Performance
Cooling Tower Theory <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
686<\/td>\nCounterflow Integration
Cross-Flow Integration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
687<\/td>\nTower Coefficients <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
688<\/td>\nAvailable Coefficients
Establishing Tower Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
689<\/td>\nAdditional Information
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
691<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch41
Direct Evaporative Air Coolers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
692<\/td>\nRandom-Media Air Coolers
Rigid-Media Air Coolers
Remote Pad Evaporative Cooling Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
693<\/td>\nIndirect Evaporative Air Coolers
Packaged Indirect Evaporative Air Coolers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
695<\/td>\nHeat Recovery
Cooling Tower\/Coil Systems
Other Indirect Evaporative Cooling Equipment
Indirect\/Direct Combinations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
696<\/td>\nPrecooling and Makeup Air Pretreatment
Air Washers
Spray Air Washers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
697<\/td>\nHigh-Velocity Spray-Type Air Washers
Humidification\/Dehumidification
Humidification with Air Washers and Rigid Media <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
698<\/td>\nDehumidification with Air Washers and Rigid Media
Air Cleaning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
699<\/td>\nSound Attenuation
Maintenance and Water Treatment
Legionnaires\u2019 Disease <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
701<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch42
Types of Liquid Coolers
Direct-Expansion
Flooded <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
702<\/td>\nBaudelot <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
703<\/td>\nShell-and-Coil
Heat Transfer
Heat Transfer Coefficients <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
704<\/td>\nFouling Factors
Wall Resistance
Pressure Drop
Fluid Side
Refrigerant Side
Vessel Design
Mechanical Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
705<\/td>\nChemical Requirements
Electrical Requirements
Application Considerations
Refrigerant Flow Control
Freeze Prevention <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
706<\/td>\nOil Return
Maintenance
Insulation
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
707<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch43
General Characteristics
Principles of Operation
Common Liquid-Chilling Systems
Basic System
Multiple-Chiller Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
708<\/td>\nHeat Recovery Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
709<\/td>\nSelection
Control
Liquid Chiller Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
710<\/td>\nControls That Influence the Liquid Chiller
Safety Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
711<\/td>\nStandards and Testing
General Maintenance
Continual Monitoring
Periodic Checks
Regularly Scheduled Maintenance
Extended Maintenance Checks
Reciprocating Liquid Chillers
Equipment
Components and Their Functions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
712<\/td>\nCapacities and Types Available
Selection of Refrigerant
Performance Characteristics and Operating Problems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
713<\/td>\nMethod of Selection
Ratings
Power Consumption
Fouling
Control Considerations
Special Applications
Centrifugal Liquid Chillers
Equipment
Components and Their Function <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
714<\/td>\nCapacities and Types Available
Selection of Refrigerant <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
715<\/td>\nPerformance and Operating Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
716<\/td>\nSelection
Ratings
Fouling <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
717<\/td>\nNoise and Vibration
Control Considerations
Auxiliaries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
718<\/td>\nSpecial Applications
Free Cooling
Air-Cooled System
Other Coolants
Vapor Condensing
Operation and Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
719<\/td>\nScrew Liquid Chillers
Equipment
Components and Their Function
Capacities and Types Available
Selection of Refrigerant
Performance and Operating Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
720<\/td>\nSelection
Ratings
Power Consumption
Fouling
Control Considerations
Auxiliaries <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
721<\/td>\nSpecial Applications
Maintenance
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
722<\/td>\nBibliography
Online Resource <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
723<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch44
Centrifugal Pumping
Construction Features <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
724<\/td>\nPump Types
Circulator Pump
Close-Coupled, Single-Stage, End-Suction Pump
Frame-Mounted, End-Suction Pump on Base Plate <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
725<\/td>\nBase-Mounted, Horizontal (Axial) or Vertical, Split-Case, Single-Stage, Double-Suction Pump
Base-Mounted, Horizontal, Split-Case, Multistage Pump
Vertical In-Line Pump
Vertical Turbine, Single- or Multistage, Sump-Mounted Pump <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
726<\/td>\nPump Performance Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
727<\/td>\nHydronic System Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
728<\/td>\nPump and Hydronic System Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
729<\/td>\nPump Power
Pump Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
730<\/td>\nAffinity Laws <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
731<\/td>\nRadial Thrust <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
732<\/td>\nNet Positive Suction Characteristics
Selection of Pumps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
733<\/td>\nArrangement of Pumps
Parallel Pumping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
734<\/td>\nSeries Pumping
Standby Pump <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
735<\/td>\nPumps with Two-Speed Motors
Primary-Secondary Pumping
Variable-Speed Pumping
Distributed Pumping
Differential Pressure Control with Predefined Control Curves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
736<\/td>\nMotive Power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
737<\/td>\nEnergy Conservation in Pumping
Installation, Operation, and Commissioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
738<\/td>\nTroubleshooting
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
739<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch45
Motors
Alternating-Current Power Supply <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
740<\/td>\nCodes and Standards
Motor Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
741<\/td>\nGeneral-Purpose Induction Motors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
742<\/td>\nApplication
Hermetic Motors
Application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
743<\/td>\nIntegral Thermal Protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
744<\/td>\nMotor Protection and Control
Separate Motor Protection
Protection of Control Apparatus and Branch Circuit Conductors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
745<\/td>\nThree-Phase Motor-Starting and Control Methods
Direct-Current Motor-Starting and Control Methods
Single-Phase Motor-Starting Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
746<\/td>\nRunning AC Induction Motors Above Base Speed <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
747<\/td>\nVFD-Induced Bearing Currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
748<\/td>\nBearing Current Identification Techniques
Strategies for Mitigating Bearing Currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
749<\/td>\nAir Volume Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
750<\/td>\nVariable-Speed Drives (VSD) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
751<\/td>\nPower Transistor Characteristics
Motor and Conductor Impedance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
752<\/td>\nMotor Ratings and NEMA Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
753<\/td>\nMotor Noise and Drive Carrier Frequencies
Carrier Frequencies and Drive Ratings
Power Distribution System Effects <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
754<\/td>\nVSDs and Harmonics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
755<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
757<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch46
Pipe
Steel Pipe
Copper Tube <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
758<\/td>\nDuctile Iron and Cast Iron
Fittings
Joining Methods
Threading
Soldering and Brazing
Flared and Compression Joints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
761<\/td>\nFlanges
Welding
Reinforced Outlet Fittings
Other Joints
Unions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
762<\/td>\nSpecial Systems
Selection of Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
763<\/td>\nPipe Wall Thickness
Stress Calculations
Plastic Piping <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
764<\/td>\nAllowable Stress
Plastic Material Selection
Pipe-Supporting Elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
766<\/td>\nPipe Expansion and Flexibility
Pipe Bends and Loops <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
767<\/td>\nL Bends
Z Bends
U Bends and Pipe Loops <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
768<\/td>\nCold Springing of Pipe
Analyzing Existing Piping Configurations
Expansion Joints and Expansion Compensating Devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
769<\/td>\nPacked Expansion Joints <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
770<\/td>\nReferences
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
771<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch47
Fundamentals
Body Ratings
Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
772<\/td>\nFlow Coefficient and Pressure Drop
Cavitation
Water Hammer
Noise
Body Styles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
773<\/td>\nManual Valves
Selection
Globe Valves
Gate Valves
Plug Valves
Ball Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
774<\/td>\nButterfly Valves
Pinch Valves
Automatic Valves
Actuators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
775<\/td>\nPneumatic Actuators
Electric Actuators
Electrohydraulic Actuators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
776<\/td>\nSolenoids
Thermostatic Radiator Valves
Control of Automatic Valves
Two-Way Valves (Single- and Double-Seated)
Three-Way Valves
Special-Purpose Valves
Ball Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
777<\/td>\nButterfly Valves
Control Valve Flow Characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
778<\/td>\nControl Valve Sizing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
779<\/td>\nApplications
Balancing Valves
Manual Balancing Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
780<\/td>\nAutomatic Flow-Limiting Valves
Balancing Valve Selection
Multiple-Purpose Valves
Safety Devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
781<\/td>\nSelf-Contained Temperature Control Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
782<\/td>\nPressure-Reducing Valves
Makeup Water Valves
Check Valves <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
783<\/td>\nStop-Check Valves
Backflow Prevention Devices
Selection
Installation
Steam Traps
References
Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
785<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch48
Fundamentals
Types of Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
786<\/td>\nShell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
787<\/td>\nPlate Heat Exchangers
Double-Wall Heat Exchangers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
788<\/td>\nComponents
Shell-and-Tube Components
Plate Components
Application <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
789<\/td>\nSelection Criteria
Thermal\/Mechanical Design
Cost
Serviceability
Space Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
790<\/td>\nSteam
Installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
791<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch49
General Design Considerations
User Requirements
Application Requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
792<\/td>\nInstallation
Service
Sustainability
Types of Unitary Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
794<\/td>\nCombined Space-Conditioning\/Water-Heating Systems
Typical Unitary Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
795<\/td>\nEquipment and System Standards
Energy Conservation and Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
796<\/td>\nAHRI Certification Programs
Safety Standards and Installation Codes
Air Conditioners
Refrigerant Circuit Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
797<\/td>\nAir-Handling Systems
Electrical Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
798<\/td>\nMechanical Design
Accessories
Heating
Air-Source Heat Pumps
Add-On Heat Pumps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
799<\/td>\nSelection
Refrigerant Circuit and Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
800<\/td>\nSystem Control and Installation
Water-Source Heat Pumps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
801<\/td>\nSystems
Performance Certification Programs
Equipment Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
803<\/td>\nVariable-Refrigerant-Flow Heat Pumps
Application
Categories
Refrigerant Circuit and Components
Heating and Defrost Operation
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
804<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
805<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch50
Room Air Conditioners
Sizes and Classifications
Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
806<\/td>\nCompressors
Evaporator and Condenser Coils
Restrictor Application and Sizing
Fan Motor and Air Impeller Selection
Electronics
Performance Data
Efficiency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
807<\/td>\nSensible Heat Ratio
Energy Conservation and Efficiency
High-Efficiency Design
Special Features <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
808<\/td>\nSafety Codes and Standards
Product Standards
Installation and Service <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
809<\/td>\nPackaged Terminal Air Conditioners
Sizes and Classifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
810<\/td>\nGeneral Design Considerations
Design of PTAC\/PTHP Components <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
811<\/td>\nHeat Pump Operation
Performance and Safety Testing
References <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
812<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
813<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch51
Terminology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
814<\/td>\nClassification of Systems
Storage Media <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
815<\/td>\nBasic Thermal Storage Concepts
Benefits of Thermal Storage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
816<\/td>\nDesign Considerations
Sensible Thermal Storage Technology
Sensible Energy Storage
Temperature Range and Storage Size
Techniques for Thermal Separation in Sensible Storage Devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
817<\/td>\nPerformance of Chilled-Water Storage Systems
Design of Stratification Diffusers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
818<\/td>\nStorage Tank Insulation
Other Factors
Chilled-Water Storage Tanks
Low-Temperature Fluid Sensible Energy Storage
Storage in Aquifers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
819<\/td>\nChilled-Water Thermal Storage Sizing Examples <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
821<\/td>\nLatent Cool Storage Technology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
822<\/td>\nWater as Phase-Change Thermal Storage Medium
Internal Melt Ice-On-Coil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
823<\/td>\nChiller and Ice Storage Selection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
824<\/td>\nOperation With Disabled Chiller
Selecting Storage Equipment
External-Melt Ice-On-Coil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
825<\/td>\nEncapsulated Ice <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
826<\/td>\nIce Harvesters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
827<\/td>\nIce Slurry Systems
Unitary Thermal Storage Systems
Other Phase-Change Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
828<\/td>\nHeat Storage Technology
Sizing Heat Storage Systems
Service Water Heating
Brick Storage (ETS) Heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
830<\/td>\nPressurized Water Storage Heaters
Underfloor Heat Storage
Building Mass Thermal Storage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
832<\/td>\nStorage Charging and Discharging
Design Considerations
Factors Favoring Thermal Storage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
833<\/td>\nFactors Discouraging Thermal Storage
Typical Applications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
834<\/td>\nSizing Cool Storage Systems
Sizing Strategies
Calculating Load Profiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
835<\/td>\nSizing Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
836<\/td>\nApplication of Thermal Storage Systems
Chilled-Water Storage Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
838<\/td>\nIce (and PCM) Storage Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
839<\/td>\nUnitary Thermal Storage Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
840<\/td>\nOperation and Control
Operating Modes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
842<\/td>\nControl Strategies
Operating Strategies
Utility Demand Control
Instrumentation Requirements
Other Design Considerations
Hydronic System Design for Open Systems
Cold-Air Distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
843<\/td>\nStorage of Heat in Cool Storage Units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
844<\/td>\nSystem Interface
Insulation
Cost Considerations
Maintenance Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
845<\/td>\nWater Treatment
Commissioning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
846<\/td>\nStatement of Design Intent
Commissioning Specification
Required Information
Performance Verification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
847<\/td>\nSample Commissioning Plan Outline for Chilled-Water Plants with Thermal Storage Systems
Good Practices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
848<\/td>\nReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
849<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
851<\/td>\nIP_S12_Ch52
Selected Codes and Standards Published by Various Societies and Associations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
876<\/td>\nORGANIZATIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
878<\/td>\nS12AdditionsI-P
2009 Fundamentals <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
880<\/td>\nFig. 7 R-Value Required to Prevent Condensation on Surface with Emittance e = 0.9
Fig. 7 Surface-Averaged Wall Pressure Coefficients for Tall Buildings
2010 Refrigeration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
881<\/td>\nTable 3 Cellular Glass Insulation Thickness for Indoor Design Conditions
Table 2 Values
2011 HVAC Applications
Fig. 9 Typical Layout of UVGI Fixtures for Patient Isolation Room <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
882<\/td>\nTable 4 Typical Thermal Properties of Common Building and Insulating Materials: Design Valuesa <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
887<\/td>\nTable 4 Energy Cost Percentiles from 2003 Commercial Survey <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
888<\/td>\nI-P_S2012Index_bookIX
Abbreviations, F37
Absorbents
Absorption
Acoustics. See Sound
Activated carbon adsorption, A46.7
ADPI. See Air diffusion performance index (ADPI)
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aeration, of farm crops, A25
Aerosols, S29.1
Affinity laws for centrifugal pumps, S44.8
AFUE. See Annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE)
AHU. See Air handlers
Air
Air barriers, F26.13
Airborne infectious diseases, F10.6
Air cleaners. (See also Filters, air; Industrial exhaust gas cleaning)
Air conditioners. (See also Central air conditioning) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
889<\/td>\nAir conditioning. (See also Central air conditioning)
Air contaminants, F11. (See also Contaminants)
Aircraft, A12
Air curtains, display cases, R15.5
Air diffusers
Air diffusion
Air diffusion performance index (ADPI), A57.5; F20.12, 13
Air distribution
Air exchange rate
Air filters. See Filters, air
Airflow <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
890<\/td>\nAirflow retarders, F25.7, 8
Air flux, F25.2. (See also Airflow)
Air handlers
Air inlets
Air intakes
Air jets. See Air diffusion
Air leakage. (See also Infiltration)
Air outlets
Airports, air conditioning, A3.6
Air quality. [See also Indoor air quality (IAQ)]
Airtightness, F36.22
Air-to-air energy recovery, S26
Air-to-transmission ratio, S5.13
Air transport, R27
Air washers
Algae, control, A49.5
All-air systems
Ammonia
Anchor bolts, seismic restraint, A55.7
Anemometers
Animal environments
Annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE), S33.9; S34.2
Antifreeze
Antisweat heaters (ASH), R15.5
Apartment buildings
Aquifers, thermal storage, S51.6
Archimedes number, F20.6
Archives. See Museums, galleries, archives, and libraries
Arenas
Argon, recovery, R47.17
Asbestos, F10.4
ASH. See Antisweat heaters (ASH)
Atriums
Attics, unconditioned, F27.2
Auditoriums, A5.3
Automobiles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
891<\/td>\nAutopsy rooms, A9.5, 6
Avogadro\u2019s law, and fuel combustion, F28.10
Backflow-prevention devices, S47.13
BACnet\u00ae, A40.17; F7.18
Bacteria
Bakery products, R41
Balance point, heat pumps, S49.9
Balancing. (See also Testing, adjusting, and balancing)
BAS. See Building automation systems (BAS)
Baseboard units
Basements
Beer\u2019s law, F4.16
Bernoulli equation, F21.1
Best efficiency point (BEP), S44.7
Beverages, R39
BIM. See Building information modeling (BIM)
Bioaerosols
Biocides, control, A49.5
Biodiesel, F28.6
Biological safety cabinets, A16.6
Biomanufacturing cleanrooms, A18.7
Bioterrorism. See Chemical, biological, radio- logical, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Boilers, S32
Boiling
Brake horsepower, S44.8
Brayton cycle
Bread, R41
Breweries
Brines. See Coolants, secondary
Building automation systems (BAS), A40.17; F7.14
Building energy monitoring, A41. (See also Energy, monitoring)
Building envelopes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
892<\/td>\nBuilding information modeling (BIM), A40.15
Building materials, properties, F26
Building thermal mass
Burners
Buses
Bus terminals
Butane, commercial, F28.5
CAD. See Computer-aided design (CAD)
Cafeterias, service water heating, A50.14, 21
Calcium chloride brines, F31.1
Candy
Capillary action, and moisture flow, F25.8
Capillary tubes
Carbon dioxide
Carbon emissions, F34.6
Carbon monoxide
Cargo containers, R25
Carnot refrigeration cycle, F2.6
Cattle, beef, and dairy, A24.7. (See also Animal environments)
CAV. See Constant air volume (CAV)
Cavitation, F3.13
CBRE. See Chemical, biological, radiological, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Ceiling effect. See Coanda effect
Ceilings
Central air conditioning, A42. (See also Air conditioning)
Central plants
Central systems
Cetane number, engine fuels, F28.8
CFD. See Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Charging, refrigeration systems, R8.4
Chemical, biological, radiological, and explosive (CBRE) incidents, A59 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
893<\/td>\nChemical plants
Chemisorption, A46.7
Chilled beams, S20.9
Chilled water (CW)
Chillers
Chilton-Colburn j-factor analogy, F6.7
Chimneys, S35
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), A34.6
Chocolate, R42.1. (See also Candy)
Choking, F3.13
CHP systems. See Combined heat and power (CHP)
Cinemas, A5.3
Claude cycle, R47.8
Cleanrooms. See Clean spaces
Clean spaces, A18
Clear-sky solar radiation, calculation, F14.7
Climate design information, F14
Clothing
CLTD\/CLF. See Cooling load temperature differential method with solar cooling load factors (CLTD\/CLF)
Coal
Coanda effect, A33.6; F20.6; S20.2
Codes, S52. (See also Standards) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
894<\/td>\nCoefficient of performance (COP)
Cogeneration. See Combined heat and power (CHP)
Coils
Colburn\u2019s analogy, F4.17
Colebrook equation
Collectors, solar, A35.6, 11, 23, 25; S37.3
Colleges and universities, A7.11
Combined heat and power (CHP), S7
Combustion, F28
Combustion air systems
Combustion turbine inlet cooling (CTIC), S7.20; S8.1
Comfort. (See also Physiological principles, humans)
Commercial and public buildings, A3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
895<\/td>\nCommissioning, A43
Compressors, S38
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), F13.1
Computer-aided design (CAD), A18.5; A40.14
Computers, A40
Concert halls, A5.4
Concrete
Condensate
Condensation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
896<\/td>\nCondensers, S39
Conductance, thermal, F4.3; F25.1
Conduction
Conductivity, thermal, F25.1; F26.4
Constant air volume (CAV)
Constant-volume, all-air systems
Construction. (See also Building envelopes)
Containers. (See also Cargo containers)
Contaminants
Continuity, fluid dynamics, F3.2
Control. (See also Controls, automatic; Supervisory control) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
897<\/td>\nControlled-atmosphere (CA) storage
Controlled-environment rooms (CERs), and plant growth, A24.16
Controls, automatic, F7. (See also Control)
Convection
Convectors
Convention centers, A5.5
Conversion factors, F38
Coolants, secondary
Coolers. (See also Refrigerators) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
898<\/td>\nCooling. (See also Air conditioning)
Cooling load
Cooling load temperature differential method with solar cooling load factors (CLTD\/CLF), F18.49
Cooling towers, S40
Cool storage, S51.1
COP. See Coefficient of performance (COP)
Corn, drying, A25.1
Correctional facilities. See Justice facilities
Corrosion
Costs. (See also Economics)
Cotton, drying, A25.8
Courthouses, A9.4
Courtrooms, A9.5
CPVC. See Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)
Crawlspaces
Critical spaces
Crops. See Farm crops
Cruise terminals, A3.6
Cryogenics, R47 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
899<\/td>\nCurtain walls, F15.5
Cycloparaffins, R12.3
Dairy products, R33
Dampers
Dams, concrete cooling, R45.1
Darcy equation, F21.6
Darcy-Weisbach equation
Data-driven modeling
Data processing areas
Daylighting
DDC. See Direct digital control (DDC)
Defrosting
Degree-days, F14.11; F19.19
Dehumidification, A47.12; S24
Dehumidifiers
Dehydration
Density
Dental facilities, A8.15
Desiccants, F32.1; S24.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
900<\/td>\nDesuperheaters
Dew-point
Diamagnetism, and superconductivity, R47.5
Diesel fuel, F28.8
Diffusers, air, sound control, A48.12
Diffusion
Diffusivity
Dilution
Dining halls, in justice facilities, A9.4
DIR. See Dispersive infrared (DIR)
Direct digital control (DDC), F7.4, 10
Direct numerical simulation (DNS), turbulence modeling, F13.4; F24.10
Dirty bombs. See Chemical, biological, radio- logical, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Discharge coefficients, in fluid flow, F3.9
Dispersive infrared (DIR), F7.9
Display cases, R15.1, 4
District energy (DE), S12.1
District heating and cooling (DHC), S12
d-limonene, F31.13
DNS. See Direct numerical simulation (DNS)
Doors
Dormitories
Draft
Drag, in fluid flow, F3.5
Driers, R7.6. (See also Dryers)
Drip station, steam systems, S12.11
Dryers. (See also Driers)
Drying
DTW. See Dual-temperature water (DTW) system
Dual-duct systems
Dual-temperature water (DTW) system, S13.1
DuBois equation, F9.3
Duct design
Ducts <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
901<\/td>\nDust mites, F25.14
Dusts, S29.1
Dynamometers, A17.1
Earth, stabilization, R45.3, 4
Earthquakes, seismic-resistant design, A55.1
Economic analysis, A37
Economic coefficient of performance (ECOP), S7.49
Economics. (See also Costs)
Economizers
ECOP. See Economic coefficient of performance (ECOP)
ECS. See Environmental control system (ECS)
Eddy diffusivity, F6.7
Educational facilities, A7
EER. See Energy efficiency ratio (EER)
Effectiveness, heat transfer, F4.21
Effective radiant flux (ERF), A54.2
Efficiency
Eggs, R34
EIFS. See Exterior insulation finishing system (EIFS)
Electricity
Electric thermal storage (ETS), S51.16
Electrostatic precipitators, S29.6; S30.7
Elevators
Emissions, pollution, F28.7
Emissivity, F4.2
Emittance, thermal, F25.2
Enclosed vehicular facilities, A15
Energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
902<\/td>\nEnergy efficiency ratio (EER), S50.1
Energy savings performance contracting (ESPC), A37.8
Energy transfer station, S12.32
Engines, S7
Engine test facilities, A17
Enhanced tubes. See Finned-tube heat transfer coils
Enthalpy
Entropy, F2.1
Environmental control
Environmental control system (ECS), A12
Environmental health, F10
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
Equipment vibration, A48.43; F8.18
ERF. See Effective radiant flux (ERF)
ESPC. See Energy savings performance contracting (ESPC)
Ethylene glycol, in hydronic systems, S13.23
ETS. See Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); Electric thermal storage (ETS)
Evaluation. See Testing
Evaporation, in tubes
Evaporative coolers. (See also Refrigerators)
Evaporative cooling, A52
Evaporators. (See also Coolers, liquid) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
903<\/td>\nExfiltration, F16.1
Exhaust
Exhibit buildings, temporary, A5.8
Exhibit cases, A23.5, 16
Exhibition centers, A5.5
Expansion joints and devices, S46.10
Expansion tanks, S12.8
Explosions. See Chemical, biological, radio- logical, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Fairs, A5.8
Family courts, A9.3. (See also Juvenile facilities)
Fan-coil units, S5.6
Fans, S21
Farm crops
Faults, system, reasons for detecting, A39.6
f-Chart method, sizing heating and cooling systems, A35.20
Fenestration. (See also Windows)
Fick\u2019s law, F6.1
Filters, air, S29. (See also Air cleaners)
Filters, water, A49.7
Finned-tube heat-distributing units, S36.1, 5
Finned-tube heat transfer coils, F4.24
Fins, F4.4
Fire\/smoke management. See Smoke management
Firearm laboratories, A9.6
Fireplaces, S34.4
Fire safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
904<\/td>\nFish, R19; R32
Fitness facilities. (See also Gymnasiums)
Fittings
Fixed-guideway vehicles, A11.7. (See also Mass-transit systems)
Fixture units, A50.1, 26
Flammability limits, gaseous fuels, F28.1
Flash tank, steam systems, S11.15
Floors
Flowers, cut
Flowmeters, A38.12; F36.18
Fluid dynamics computations, F13.1
Fluid flow, F3
Food. (See also specific foods)
Food service
Forced-air systems, residential, A1.1
Forensic labs, A9.5
Fouling factor
Foundations, moisture control, A44.11
Fountains, Legionella pneumophila control, A49.7
Fourier\u2019s law, and heat transfer, F25.5
Four-pipe systems, S5.5
Framing
Freeze drying, A30.6
Freeze prevention. (See also Freeze protection systems)
Freeze protection systems, A51.17, 19
Freezers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
905<\/td>\nFreezing
Friction, in fluid flow
Friction losses, F21.7
Fruit juice, R38
Fruits
Fuel cells, combined heat and power (CHP), S7.22
Fuels, F28
Fume hoods, laboratory exhaust, A16.3
Fungal pathogens, F10.7
Furnaces, S33
Galleries. See Museums, galleries, archives, and libraries
Garages
Gases
Gas-fired equipment, S34. (See also Natural gas)
Gas vents, S35.1
GCHP. See Ground-coupled heat pumps (GCHP)
Generators
Geothermal energy, A34
Geothermal heat pumps (GHP), A34.10
Glaser method, F25.13
Glazing
Global warming potential (GWP), R6.1
Glycols, desiccant solution, S24.2
Green design, and sustainability, F35.1
Greenhouses. (See also Plant environments) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
906<\/td>\nGrids, for computational fluid dynamics, F13.4
Ground-coupled heat pumps (GCHP)
Ground-source heat pumps (GSHP), A34.1, 9
Groundwater heat pumps (GWHP), A34.25
GSHP. See Ground-source heat pumps (GSHP)
Guard stations, in justice facilities, A9.4
GWHP. See Groundwater heat pumps (GWHP)
GWP. See Global warming potential (GWP)
Gymnasiums, A5.5; A7.3
HACCP. See Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP)
Halocarbon
Hartford loop, S11.3
Hay, drying, A25.7
Hazard analysis and control, F10.3
Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP), R22.4
Hazen-Williams equation, F22.1
HB. See Heat balance (HB)
Health
Health care facilities, A8. (See also specific types)
Heat
Heat and moisture control, F27.1
Heat balance, S9.19
Heat capacity, F25.1
Heat control, F27
Heaters, S34
Heat exchangers, S48
Heat flow, F25. (See also Heat transfer)
Heat flux, F25.1
Heat gain. (See also Load calculations)
Heating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
907<\/td>\nHeating load
Heating values of fuels, F28.3, 7, 9
Heat loss. (See also Load calculations)
Heat pipes, air-to-air energy recovery, S26.13
Heat pumps
Heat recovery. (See also Energy, recovery)
Heat storage. See Thermal storage
Heat stress
Heat transfer, F4; F26. (See also Heat flow) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
908<\/td>\nHeat transmission
Heat traps, A50.2
Helium
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, A28.3; S29.6; S30.3
High-rise buildings. See Tall Buildings
High-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization, R33.2
High-temperature water (HTW) system, S13.1
Homeland security. See Chemical, biological, radiological, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Hoods
Hospitals, A8.2
Hot-box method, of thermal modeling, F25.7
Hotels and motels, A6
Hot-gas bypass, R1.34
Houses of worship, A5.3
HSI. See Heat stress, index (HSI)
HTST. See High-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization
Humidification, S22
Humidifiers, S22
Humidity
HVAC security, A59
Hydrogen, liquid, R47.2
Hydronic systems, S35. (See also Water systems)
Hygrometers, F7.9; F36.10, 11
Hygrothermal loads, F25.2
Hygrothermal modeling, F25.13; F27.11
IAQ. See Indoor air quality (IAQ)
IBD. See Integrated building design (IBD)
Ice
Ice makers
Ice rinks, A5.5; R44 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
909<\/td>\nID50\u201a mean infectious dose, A59.8
Ignition temperatures of fuels, F28.2
IGUs. See Insulating glazing units (IGUs)
Indoor air quality (IAQ). (See also Air quality)
Indoor environmental modeling, F13
Induction
Industrial applications
Industrial environments, A14; A31; A32
Industrial exhaust gas cleaning, S29. (See also Air cleaners)
Industrial hygiene, F10.3
Infiltration. (See also Air leakage)
Infrared applications
In-room terminal systems
Instruments, F14. (See also specific instruments or applications)
Insulating glazing units (IGUs), F15.1
Insulation, electrical, R6.9
Insulation, thermal <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
910<\/td>\nIntegrated building design (IBD), A58.1
Integrated design process (IDP), A58.1
Intercoolers, ammonia refrigeration systems, R2.3
Jacketing, insulation, R10.7
Jails, A9.3
Joule-Thomson cycle, R47.6
Judges\u2019 chambers, A9.5
Juice, R38.1
Jury facilities, A9.5
Justice facilities, A9
Juvenile facilities, A9.1. (See also Family courts)
K-12 schools, A7.2
Kelvin\u2019s equation, F25.9
Kirchoff\u2019s law, F4.12
Kitchens, A33
Kleemenko cycle, R47.13
Krypton, recovery, R47.18
Kyoto protocol, F35.4
Laboratories, A16
Laboratory information management systems (LIMS), A9.7
Lakes, heat transfer, A34.30
Laminar flow
Large eddy simulation (LES), turbulence modeling, F13.3; F24.10 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
911<\/td>\nLaser Doppler anemometers (LDA), F36.17
Laser Doppler velocimeters (LDV), F36.17
Latent energy change materials, S51.2
Laundries
LCR. See Load collector ratio (LCR)
LD50\u201a mean lethal dose, A59.8
LDA. See Laser Doppler anemometers (LDA)
LDV. See Laser Doppler velocimeters (LDV)
LE. See Life expectancy (LE) rating
Leakage
Leakage function, relationship, F16.14
Leak detection of refrigerants, F29.8
Legionella pneumophila, A49.6; F10.6
Legionnaires\u2019 disease. See Legionella pneumophila
LES. See Large eddy simulation (LES)
Lewis relation, F6.9; F9.4
Libraries. See Museums, galleries, archives, and libraries
Life expectancy (LE) rating, film, A22.3
Lighting
Light measurement, F36.29
LIMS. See Laboratory information management systems (LIMS)
Linde cycle, R47.6
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), S8.6
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), F28.5
Liquid overfeed (recirculation) systems, R4
Lithium bromide\/water, F30.1, 69
Lithium chloride, S24.2
Load calculations
Load collector ratio (LCR), A35.21
Local exhaust. See Exhaust
Loss coefficients
Louvers, F15.29
Low-temperature water (LTW) system, S13.1
LPG. See Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
LTW. See Low-temperature water (LTW) system
Lubricants, R12. (See also Lubrication; Oil)
Lubrication
Mach number, S38.31
Maintenance. (See also Operation and maintenance) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
912<\/td>\nMakeup air units, S28.8
Malls, A2.6
Manometers, differential pressure readout, A38.12
Manufactured homes, A1.7
Masonry, insulation, F26.7. (See also Building envelopes)
Mass transfer, F6
Mass-transit systems
McLeod gages, F36.13
Mean infectious dose (ID50), A59.8
Mean lethal dose (LD50), A59.8
Mean radiant temperature (MRT), A54.1
Mean temperature difference, F4.21
Measurement, F36. (See also Instruments)
Meat, R30
Mechanical equipment room, central
Mechanical traps, steam systems, S11.8
Medium-temperature water (MTW) system, S13.1
Meshes, for computational fluid dynamics, F13.4
Metabolic rate, F9.6
Metals and alloys, low-temperature, R48.6
Microbial growth, R22.4
Microbiology of foods, R22.1
Mines, A29
Modeling. (See also Data-driven modeling; Energy, modeling)
Moist air
Moisture
Mold, F25.14
Montreal Protocol, F29.1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
913<\/td>\nMotors, S45
Movie theaters, A5.3
MRT. See Mean radiant temperature (MRT)
Multifamily residences, A1.6
Multiple-use complexes
Multisplit unitary equipment, S49.1
Multizone airflow modeling, F13.14
Museums, galleries, archives, and libraries
Natatoriums. (See also Swimming pools)
Natural gas, F28.5
Navier-Stokes equations, F13.1
NC curves. See Noise criterion (NC) curves
Net positive suction head (NPSH), A34.27; R2.3; S44.10
Night setback,recovery, A42.36
Nitrogen
Noise, F8.13. (See also Sound)
Noise criterion (NC) curves, F8.16
Noncondensable gases
NPSH. See Net positive suction head (NPSH)
NTU. See Number of transfer units (NTU)
Nuclear facilities, A28
Number of transfer units (NTU)
Nursing facilities, A8.14
Nuts, storage, R42.7
Odors, F12
ODP. See Ozone depletion potential (ODP)
Office buildings
Oil, fuel, F28.6
Oil. (See also Lubricants)
Olf unit, F12.6
One-pipe systems
Operating costs, A37.4
Operation and maintenance, A39. (See also Maintenance)
Optimization, A42.4
Outdoor air, free cooling
Outlets, air diffusion, performance, F20.10
Outpatient health care facilities, A8.14
Owning costs, A37.1
Oxygen <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
914<\/td>\nOzone
Ozone depletion potential (ODP), R6.1
PAC. See Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC)
Packaged terminal air conditioners (PTACs), S50.5
Packaged terminal heat pumps (PTHPs), S50.5
PAH. See Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
Paint, and moisture problems, F25.14
Panel heating and cooling, S6. (See also Radiant heating and cooling)
Paper
Paper products facilities, A26
Paraffins, R12.3
Parallel compressor systems, R15.14
Particulate matter, indoor air quality (IAQ), F10.4, 5
Pasteurization, R33.2
Peanuts, drying, A25.8
PEL. See Permissible exposure limits (PEL)
Performance contracting, A41.2
Permafrost stabilization, R45.4
Permeability
Permeance
Permissible exposure limits (PEL), F10.5
Pharmaceutical manufacturing cleanrooms, A18.7
Phase-change materials, thermal storage of, S51.15, 26
Photographic materials, A22
Photovoltaic (PV) systems, S36.18. (See also Solar energy)
Physical properties of materials, F33
Physiological principles, humans. (See also Comfort)
Pigs. See Swine
Pipes, S46. (See also Piping)
Piping. (See also Pipes) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
915<\/td>\nPitot tube, A38.2; F36.17
Places of assembly, A5
Planes. See Aircraft
Plank\u2019s equation, R20.7
Plant environments, A24.10
Plenums
PMV. See Predicted mean vote (PMV)
Police stations, A9.1
Pollutant transport modeling. See Contami- nants, indoor, concentration prediction
Pollution, air, and combustion, F28.7, 14
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), F10.5
Polydimethylsiloxane, F31.13
Ponds, spray, S40.6
Pope cell, F36.12
Positive positioners, F7.8
Potatoes
Poultry. (See also Animal environments; Chickens; Turkeys)
Power-law airflow model, F13.14
Power plants, A27
PPD. See Predicted percent dissatisfied (PPD)
Prandtl number, F4.17
Precooling
Predicted mean vote (PMV), F36.30
Predicted percent dissatisfied (PPD), F9.17
Preschools, A7.1
Pressure
Pressure drop. (See also Darcy-Weisbach equation)
Primary-air systems, S5.10
Printing plants, A20 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
916<\/td>\nPrisons, A9.3
Produce
Propane
Propylene glycol, hydronic systems, S13.23
Psychrometers, F1.13
Psychrometrics, F1
PTACs. See Packaged terminal air conditioners (PTACs)
PTHPs. See Packaged terminal heat pumps (PTHPs)
Public buildings. See Commercial and public buildings; Places of assembly
Pulldown load, R15.5
Pumps
Purge units, centrifugal chillers, S43.11
Radiant heating and cooling, A55; S6.1; S15; S33.4. (See also Panel heating and cooling)
Radiant time series (RTS) method, F18.2, 20
Radiation
Radiators, S36.1, 5
Radioactive gases, contaminants, F11.19
Radiometers, A54.7
Radon, F10.10, 12, 17
Rail cars
Railroad tunnels, ventilation
Rain, and building envelopes, F25.3
RANS. See Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation
Rapid-transit systems. See Mass-transit systems
Rayleigh number, F4.18
RC curves. See Room criterion (RC) curves
Receivers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
917<\/td>\nRecycling refrigerants, R9.3
Refrigerant\/absorbent pairs, F2.15
Refrigerant-control devices, R11
Refrigerants, F29.1
Refrigerant transfer units (RTU), liquid chillers, S43.11
Refrigerated facilities, R23
Refrigeration, F1.1. (See also Absorption) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
918<\/td>\nRefrigeration oils, R12. (See also Lubricants)
Refrigerators
Regulators. (See also Valves)
Residential systems, A1
Resistance, thermal, F4; F25; F26. (See also R-values)
Resistance temperature devices (RTDs), F7.9; F36.6
Resistivity, thermal, F25.1
Resource utilization factor (RUF), F34.2
Respiration of fruits and vegetables, R19.17
Restaurants
Retail facilities, A2
Retrofit performance monitoring, A41.4
Retrofitting refrigerant systems, contaminant control, R7.9
Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation, F13.3; F24.10
Reynolds number, F3.3
Rice, drying, A25.9
RMS. See Root mean square (RMS)
Road tunnels, A15.3
Roof ponds, Legionella pneumophila control, A49.7
Roofs
Room air distribution, A57; S20.1
Room criterion (RC) curves, F8.17
Root mean square (RMS), F36.1
Roughness factors, ducts, F21.6
RTDs. See Resistance temperature devices (RTDs)
RTS. See Radiant time series (RTS)
RTU. See Refrigerant transfer units (RTU)
RUF. See Resource utilization factor (RUF)
Rusting, of building components, F25.15
R-values, F23; F25; F26. (See also Resistance, thermal)
Safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
919<\/td>\nSafety showers, Legionella pneumophila control, A49.7
Sanitation
Savings-to-investment-ratio (SIR), A37.11
Scale
Schematic design, A58.9
Schneider system, R23.7
Schools
Security. See Chemical, biological, radio- logical, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
Seeds, storage, A25.11
Seismic restraint, A48.51; A55.1
Sensors
Separators, lubricant, R11.23
Service water heating, A50
SES. See Subway environment simulation (SES) program
Shading
Ships, A13
Short-tube restrictors, R11.31
Single-duct systems, all-air, S4.10
SIR. See Savings-to-investment ratio (SIR)
Skating rinks, R44.1
Skylights, and solar heat gain, F15.19
Slab heating, A51
Slab-on-grade foundations, A44.11
SLR. See Solar-load ratio (SLR)
Smoke management, A53
Snow-melting systems, A51 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
920<\/td>\nSnubbers, seismic, A55.8
Sodium chloride brines, F31.1
Soft drinks, R39.10
Soils. (See also Earth)
Solar energy, A35; S37.1
Solar heat gain
Solar-load ratio (SLR), A35.21
Solar-optical glazing, F15.13
Solar radiation
Solid fuel
Solvent drying, constant-moisture, A30.7
Soot, F28.17
Sorbents, F32.1
Sorption isotherm, F25.8
Sound, F8. (See also Noise)
Sound control, A48; F8. (See also Noise) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
921<\/td>\nSoybeans, drying, A25.7
Specific heat
Spot cooling
Spot heating, A54.4
Stack effect
Stadiums, A5.4
Stairwells, smoke control, A53.9
Standard atmosphere, U.S., F1.1
Standards, S52. (See also Codes)
Static electricity and humidity, S22.2
Steam
Steam systems, S11
Steam traps, S11.7
Stefan-Boltzmann equation, F4.2, 11
Stevens\u2019 law, F12.3
Stirling cycle, R47.14
Stokers, S31.16
Storage
Stoves, heating, S34.5
Stratification
Stroboscopes, F36.25
Subcoolers
Subway environment simulation (SES) program, A15.3
Subway systems. (See also Mass-transit systems)
Suction risers, R2.26
Sulfur content, fuel oils, F28.7
Superconductivity, diamagnetism, R47.5
Supervisory control, A42 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
922<\/td>\nSupply air outlets, S20.1. (See also Air outlets)
Surface effect. See Coanda effect
Surface transportation
Surface water heat pump (SWHP), A34.12
Sustainability, F16.1; F35.1; S49.2
SVFs. See Synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs)
SWHP. See Surface water heat pump (SWHP)
Swimming pools. (See also Natatoriums)
Swine, recommended environment, A24.7
Symbols, F37
Synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs), F10.5
Tachometers, F36.25
Tall buildings, A4
Tanks, secondary coolant systems, R13.2
Temperature
Temperature-controlled transport, R25.1
Temperature index, S22.3
Terminal units, A47.12; S20.8
Terminology, R50
Terrorism. See Chemical, biological, radio- logical, and explosive (CBRE) incidents
TES. See Thermal energy storage (TES)
Testing
Testing, adjusting, and balancing. (See also Balancing)
TETD\/TA. See Total equivalent temperature differential method with time averaging (TETD\/TA)
TEWI. See Total equivalent warning impact (TEWI)
Textile processing plants, A21 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
923<\/td>\nTFM. See Transfer function method (TFM)
Theaters, A5.3
Thermal bridges, F25.7
Thermal comfort. See Comfort
Thermal emittance, F25.2
Thermal energy storage (TES), S8.5; S51
Thermal properties, F26.1
Thermal resistivity, F25.1
Thermal storage, S51
Thermal transmission data, F26
Thermistors, R11.4
Thermodynamics, F2.1
Thermometers, F36.5
Thermopile, F7.4; F36.8; R45.4
Thermosiphons
Thermostats
Three-pipe distribution, S5.5
Tobacco smoke
Tollbooths
Total equivalent temperature differential method with time averaging (TETD\/TA), F18.49
Total equivalent warming impact (TEWI), R6.1
Total equivalent warming impact (TEWI); ; R15.16
Trailers and trucks, refrigerated, R25. (See also Cargo containers)
Transducers, pneumatic pressure, F7.9
Transfer function method (TFM), A40.9; F18.49
Transmittance, thermal, F25.1
Transmitters, pneumatic pressure, F7.9
Transpiration, R19.19
Transportation centers
Transport properties of refrigerants, F30
Traps
Trucks, refrigerated, R25. (See also Cargo containers)
Tuning automatic control systems, F7.18
Tunnels, vehicular, A15.1
Turbines, S7 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
924<\/td>\nTurbochargers, heat recovery, S7.34
Turbulence modeling, F13.3
Turbulent flow, fluids, F3.3
Turndown ratio, design capacity, S13.4
Two-pipe systems, S5.5; S13.19
U.S. Marshal spaces, A9.5
U-factor
Ultralow-penetration air (ULPA) filters, S29.6; S30.3
Ultraviolet (UV) lamp systems, S17
Ultraviolet air and surface treatment, A60
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), S16.1. [See also Ultraviolet (UV) lamp systems]
Uncertainty analysis
Underfloor air distribution (UFAD) systems, A4.5
Unitary systems, S49
Unit heaters. See Heaters
Units and conversions, F38.1
Unit ventilators, S28.1
Utility interfacing, electric, S7.43
UV. See Ultraviolet (UV) lamp systems
UVGI. See Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI)
Vacuum cooling, of fruits and vegetables, R28.9
Validation, of airflow modeling, F13.9, 10, 17
Valves, S46. (See also Regulators)
Vaporization systems, S8.6
Vapor pressure, F27.8; F33.2
Vapor retarders, jackets, F23.9
Variable-air-volume (VAV) systems
Variable-frequency drives, S45.12
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF), S18.1; S49.1, 13 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
925<\/td>\nVAV. See Variable-air-volume (VAV) systems
Vegetables, R37
Vehicles
Vena contracta, F3.4
Vending machines, R16.5
Ventilation, F16
Ventilators
Venting
Verification, of airflow modeling, F13.9, 10, 17
Vessels, ammonia refrigeration systems, R2.3
Vibration, F8.18
Vibration control, A48
Viral pathogens, F10.7
Virgin rock temperature (VRT), and heat release rate, A29.3
Viscosity, F3.1
Volatile organic compounds (VOC),
Volatile organic compounds (VOC), F10.9
Voltage, A56.1
Volume ratio, compressors
VRF. See Variable refrigerant flow (VRF)
VRT. See Virgin rock temperature (VRT)
Walls
Warehouses, A3.8
Water
Water heaters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
926<\/td>\nWater\/lithium bromide absorption
Water-source heat pump (WSHP), S2.4; S49.10
Water systems, S13
Water treatment, A49
Water vapor control, A44.6
Water vapor retarders, F26.13
Water wells, A34.26
Weather data
Welding sheet metal, S19.11
Wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), heat stress, A31.5
Wheels, rotary enthalpy, S26.9
Whirlpools and spas
Wien\u2019s displacement law, F4.12
Wind. (See also Climate design information; Weather data)
Wind chill index, F9.22
Windows. (See also Fenestration)
Wind restraint design, A55.15
Wineries
Wood construction, and moisture, F25.8
Wood products facilities, A26.1
Wood pulp, A26.2
Wood stoves, S34.5
World Wide Web (WWW), A40.8
WSHP. See Water-source heat pump (WSHP)
WWW. See World Wide Web (WWW)
Xenon, R47.18 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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