SMACNA ThermosetFRPDuctConstructionManual 1997 01E
$86.13
Thermoset FRP Duct Construction Manual, 1st Edition
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| SMACNA | 1997 | 216 |
SMACNA contractors researched the current and future potential use of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) duct as well as its physical properties, to provide contractors, architects, engineers, managers, and plant owners with this authoritative resource that can be relied upon for the proper selection, manufacture, and installation of FRP duct systems. Covers design procedures for the manufacture and installation of round duct systems ranging from 4 to 72 inches in diameter, and rectangular duct systems ranging from 12 to 96 inches in width and depth, operating at a static pressure within a range from -30 to +30 in. wg and within a temperature range from ambient to 180° F.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | THERMOSET FRP DUCT CONSTRUCTION MANUAL |
| 5 | FOREWORD |
| 6 | FRP TASK FORCE CONSULTANTS |
| 7 | NOTICE TO USERS OF THIS PUBLICATION |
| 11 | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| 14 | LIST OF TABLES |
| 16 | LIST OF FUGURES |
| 21 | CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE 1.2 USES 1.3 WHAT IS FRP? 1.4 PURPOSE |
| 22 | 1.5 CONTENTS |
| 25 | CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 THERMOSET RESINS |
| 26 | 2.3 MIXING AND CURING THERMOSETS 2.4 CATALYSTS, PROMOTERS, INHIBITORS, AND OTHER ADDITIVES |
| 27 | FIGURE 2–1 GEL TIME VS. CATALYST CONCENTRATION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES |
| 28 | 2.5 MATERIALS HANDLING 2.6 FLAME RETARDANCE AND SMOKE GENERATION 2.7 ULTRAVIOLET STABILIZERS |
| 29 | 2.8 TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT |
| 33 | CHAPTER 3 LAMINATE CONSTRUCTION 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 CORROSION BARRIER RESIN 3.3 CORROSION BARRIER 3.4 STRUCTURAL LAYER 3.5 EXTERIOR SURFACE |
| 34 | FIGURE 3–1 LAY”UP SEQUENCE FOR FRP DUCT ” TYPES I, II, AND X LAMINATES |
| 35 | 3.6 POTENTIAL ADHESION PROBLEMS DURING LAMINATE CONSTRUCTION 3.7 WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCE 3.8 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3.9 SURFACE HARDNESS 3.10 APPEARANCE |
| 39 | CHAPTER 4 FIELD JOINING PROCEDURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 PREPARATION FOR JOINING DUCT 4.3 PREPARATION OF STRAPPING |
| 40 | FIGURE 4–1 PREPARATION OF STRAPPING FIGURE 4–2 APPLICATION OF STRAPPING |
| 41 | FIGURE 4–3 BUTT”AND”STRAP END”TO”END JOINT FIGURE 4–4 BELL”AND”SPIGOT JOINING METHOD |
| 42 | FIGURE 4–5 GEL TIME VS. CATALYST CONCENTRATION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES 4.4 MIXING RESIN 4.5 JOINING DUCT 4.6 INTERNAL JOINT LAMINATING PROCEDURE 4.7 CLEAN”UP |
| 43 | JOINING PROCEDURES Courtesy of Ashland Chemical |
| 49 | CHAPTER 5 DESIGN OF ROUND FRP DUCT 5.1 DESIGN OF ROUND FRP DUCTS USING TYPES I AND II LAMINATES |
| 51 | Table 5-1 Standard Composition of Type I Laminates |
| 52 | Table 5-2 Standard Composition of Type II Laminates |
| 53 | Table 5–3 Minimum Mechanical Properties of Types I and II Laminates |
| 54 | Table 5-4 Negative Pressure Ratings of Types I & II Laminates in in. wg |
| 55 | Table 5-4M Negative Pressure Ratings of Tapyes I & II Laminates in Pa |
| 56 | Table 5–5 Minimum Flange Dimensions For Round Duct FIGURE 5–1 FRP FLANGE DETAILS |
| 57 | 5.2 DESIGN OF ROUND FRP DUCTS USING FILAMENT WOUND (TYPE X) LAMINATES |
| 58 | Table 5–6 Filament Wound (Type X) Composite Laminates |
| 59 | Table 5–7 Minimum Mechanical Properties of Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates Table 5–8 Minimum Bond Construction for Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates |
| 60 | Table 5-9 Negative Pressure Ratings of Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates in in. wg |
| 61 | Table 5-9M Negative Pressure Ratings of Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates in Pa |
| 65 | CHAPTER 6 DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FRP DUCT 6.1 DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FRP DUCTS USING TYPE I AND II LAMINATES |
| 67 | Table 6-1 Positive Design Pressure of 10 in. wg Table 6-1M Positive Design Pressure of 2500 Pa |
| 68 | Table 6-2 Positive Design Pressure of 20 in. wg Table 6-2M Positive Design Pressure of 5000 Pa |
| 69 | Table 6-3 Positive Design Pressure of 30 in. wg Table 6-3M Positive Design Pressure of 7500 Pa |
| 70 | Table 6-4 Negative Design Pressure of 10 in. wg Table 6-4M Negative Design Pressure of 2500 Pa |
| 71 | Table 6-5 Negative Design Pressure of 20 in. wg Table 6-5M Negative Design Pressure of 5000 Pa |
| 72 | Table 6-6 Negative Design Pressure of 30 in. wg Table 6-6M Negative Design Pressure of 7500 Pa |
| 73 | 6.2 SELECTION OF STIFFENERS AND FLANGES FOR RECTANGULAR DUCT SYSTEMS |
| 74 | FIGURE 6–1 CORNER REINFORCEMENT DETAIL |
| 75 | FIGURE 6–2 WOOD STIFFENERS WITH FRP BOND |
| 76 | FIGURE 6–3 CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSVERSE STIFFENERS |
| 77 | FIGURE 6–4 SEMI”CIRCULAR FOAM STIFFENERS WITH FRP BOND |
| 78 | Table 6–7 Minimum Flange Dimensions For Rectangular Duct FIGURE 6–5 FRP FLANGE DETAILS |
| 80 | Table 6–8 Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 10 in. wg |
| 81 | Table 6–8M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 2500 Pa |
| 82 | Table 6–8 Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 10 in. wg ” (continued) |
| 83 | Table 6–8M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 2500 Pa ” (continued) |
| 84 | Table 6–9 Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 20 in. wg |
| 85 | Table 6–9M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 5000 Pa |
| 86 | Table 6–9 Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 20 in. wg ” (continued) |
| 87 | Table 6–9M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Spans in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 5000 Pa ” (continued) |
| 88 | Table 6–10 Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 30 in. wg |
| 89 | Table 6–10M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 7500 Pa |
| 90 | Table 6–10 Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in in. for Positive or Negative Pressure of 30 in. wg ” (continued) |
| 91 | Table 6–10M Maximum Allowable Stiffener Span in mm for Positive or Negative Pressure of 7500 Pa ” (continued) |
| 95 | CHAPTER 7 REQUIREMENTS 7.1 TERMINOLOGY 7.2 CONTACT MOLDING 7.3 MATERIALS 7.4 STORAGE 7.5 STATIC ELECTRICITY 7.6 REINFORCEMENT 7.7 RAW EDGES 7.8 JOINTS (WELDS OR BONDS) 7.9 LAMINATE CONSTRUCTION |
| 96 | 7.10 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 7.11 OVERLAP 7.12 RECTANGULAR DUCT CORNERS 7.13 BOND CONSTRUCTION 7.14 FLANGE REQUIREMENTS |
| 97 | 7.15 STANDARD ELBOWS AND MITERED JOINTS 7.16 FITTING CONFIGURATION 7.17 DUCT HANGERS AND SUPPORTS |
| 98 | Table 7–1 Minimum Strap Sizes for Round Duct Table 7–2 Weight of FRP Laminates |
| 99 | FIGURE 7–1 TRAPEZE ANGLE WITH HANGER RODS Table 7–3 Trapeze Angle Support Capacity |
| 100 | Table 7–4 Hanger Rod (ATR) Capacity 7.18 FUME HOODS 7.19 DAMPERS |
| 101 | 7.20 ACCESS OPENINGS AND END CAPS 7.21 DRAINS 7.22 VENTILATOR HEADS AND LOUVERS 7.23 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS 7.24 FLEXIBLE MATERIALS 7.25 LINEAR COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION |
| 102 | 7.26 TOLERANCES 7.27 DRAINAGE 7.28 SPRINKLERS 7.29 BURIED DUCT 7.30 MANUFACTURER’S SHOP REVIEW |
| 103 | 7.31 INSPECTION 7.32 HANDLING, SHIPPING, AND INSTALLATION |
| 104 | Table 7–5 Minimum Bond Widths |
| 105 | FIGURE 7–2 FLANGE CANT FIGURE 7–3 FLANGE TOLERANCE DESCRIPTION |
| 106 | FIGURE 7–4 FLANGE OFFSET FIGURE 7–5 FLANGE ATTACHMENT |
| 107 | FIGURE 7–6 WELD WIDTH AND THICKNESS FIGURE 7–7 BOLT TIGHTENING SEQUENCE |
| 108 | FIGURE 7–8 SQUARE THROAT ELBOWS FIGURE 7–9 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR STANDARD ELBOW |
| 109 | FIGURE 7–10 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR ANGLES FIGURE 7–11 RECTANGULAR TEES |
| 110 | FIGURE 7–12 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR OFFSETS FIGURE 7–13 TRANSITION ELBOWS |
| 111 | FIGURE 7–14 FIVE SEGMENT ELBOW FIGURE 7–15 ROUND / SQUARE REDUCERS |
| 112 | FIGURE 7–16 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR ECCENTRIC REDUCERS FIGURE 7–17 ROUND TEES |
| 113 | FIGURE 7–18 CONICAL TEES FIGURE 7–19 CONICAL REDUCING TEES / LATERAL |
| 114 | FIGURE 7–20 REDUCING TEES / LATERAL FIGURE 7–21 CONICAL LATERALS |
| 115 | FIGURE 7–22 TEE / LATERAL CROSSES FIGURE 7–23 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR WYES |
| 116 | FIGURE 7–24 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR REDUCING WYES FIGURE 7–25 ROUND OR RECTANGULAR OFFSETS |
| 117 | FIGURE 7–26 CONICAL TEE CROSSES FIGURE 7–27 TYPICAL LOUVER CONSTRUCTION |
| 118 | FIGURE 7–28 DUCT HANGERS ” HORIZONTAL |
| 119 | FIGURE 7–29 SUPPORT FOR VERTICAL DUCT |
| 120 | FIGURE 7–30 TURNING VANE CONSTRUCTION |
| 121 | FIGURE 7–31 TYPICAL BLAST GATE |
| 122 | FIGURE 7–32 TYPICAL BUTTERFLY DAMPER WITH LOCKING DEVICE |
| 123 | FIGURE 7–33 GRAVITY BACK”DRAFT DAMPER FOR VERTICAL DUCT |
| 124 | FIGURE 7–34 DUCT OPENINGS |
| 125 | FIGURE 7–35 TYPICAL STACKHEADS |
| 129 | CHAPTER 8 QUALITY CONTROL AND SAFETY 8.1 QUALITY CONTROL |
| 130 | 8.2 SAFETY 8.3 HEALTH CONCERNS |
| 135 | CHAPTER 9 FRP GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS 9.1 GENERAL 9.2 DRAWINGS 9.3 SEISMIC RESTRAINT PROVISIONS 9.4 GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS |
| 136 | GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS FOR FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC AIR”HANDLING SYSTEMS 1.00 GENERAL PROVISIONS |
| 139 | 2.00 AIR DISTRIBUTION FRP DUCTWORK |
| 142 | 3.00 EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES |
| 146 | ACKNOWLEDGMENT |
| 147 | APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT OF THE TABLES A.1 INTRODUCTION A.2 DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR ROUND FRP DUCTS |
| 150 | A.3 DESIGN PROCEDURES FOR RECTANGULAR FRP DUCTS |
| 153 | A.4 EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF ROUND FRP DUCTS |
| 154 | A.5 EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR DUCTS |
| 156 | Table A–1 Nominal Laminate Thickness (in.) Given Duct Diameter and Vacuum |
| 157 | Table A–1M Nominal Laminate Thickness (mm) Given Duct Diameter and Vacuum |
| 158 | Table A–2 Safety Factors Given Filament Wound Laminate Combination and Vacuum |
| 159 | Table A–2M Safety Factors Given Filament Wound Laminate Combination and Vacuum |
| 160 | FIGURE A–1 CROSS SECTION OF A 20” X 20” (500 X 500 mm) DUCT FIGURE A–2 CROSS SECTION OF A 36” X 18” (900 X 450 mm) DUCT |
| 162 | FIGURE A-3 VACUUM / PRESSURE TEST OF FRP DUCT |
| 167 | Table A–3 Material Properties For Filament Wound Laminates Model In L”t Coordinates, Combination S”5 (For Round Duct) Table A–4 Data for Each Lamina Table A–5 Material Properties for Filament Wound Laminates Model In L”t Coordinates, Combination S”7 (for Round Duct) |
| 168 | Table A–6 Data for Each Lamina Table A–7 Average Material Properties for All Rectangular Ducts |
| 169 | A.6 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS |
| 173 | APPENDIX B CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF FRP DUCT B.1 INTRODUCTION B.2 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE |
| 174 | Table B-1 Typical Chemical Resistance of Various Resins Used in FRP Duct |
| 175 | Table B-1 continued |
| 176 | Table B-1 continued |
| 177 | Table B-1 continued |
| 178 | Table B-1 continued |
| 179 | Table B-1 continued |
| 180 | Table B-1 continued |
| 181 | Table B-1 continued |
| 182 | Table B-1 continued |
| 183 | Table B-1 continued |
| 187 | APPENDIX C ALTERNATE ROUND DUCT DESIGN TABLES C.1 INTRODUCTION C.2 DESIGN OF ROUND FRP DUCT USING TYPES I AND II LAMINATES (5.0 SAFETY FACTOR) |
| 188 | Table C-1 Negative Pressure Ratings of Types I & II Laminates in in. wg |
| 189 | Table C-1M Negative Pressure Ratings of Types I & II Laminates in Pa |
| 191 | C.3 DESIGN OF ROUND FRP DUCT USING FILAMENT WOUND (TYPE X) LAMINATES (5.0 SAFETY FACTOR) |
| 192 | Table C-2 Negative Pressure Ratings of Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates in in. wg |
| 193 | Table C-2M Negative Pressure Ratings of Filament Wound (Type X) Laminates in Pa |
| 197 | APPENDIX D GLOSSARY |
| 207 | APPENDIX E REFERENCED DOCUMENTS |
| 211 | INDEX |
