IEEE 1695 2016

$80.17

IEEE Guide to Understanding, Diagnosing, and Mitigating Stray and Contact Voltage

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2016	117

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Description

New IEEE Standard – Active. Voltage conditions that may arise at publicly and privately accessible locations as a result of the delivery and use of electrical energy are addressed in this guide. This guide is not intended for use as a statement of cause and effect. It focuses primarily on the presence of power frequency related voltage conditions and discusses definitions, sources, testing techniques, and strategies that may be available to help reduce those conditions.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 1695™-2016 Front cover
2	Title page
4	Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents
7	Participants
9	Introduction
10	Contents
11	List of Figures
13	List of Tables
14	IMPORTANT NOTICE 1. Overview 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose
15	2. Definitions, abbreviations, and acronyms 2.1 Definitions
16	2.2 Abbreviations and acronyms 3. General discussion 3.1 The nature of publicly and privately accessible voltages
17	3.2 Differences between stray voltage and contact voltage 3.3 The difficulty of stating a level of harm in terms of voltage
18	3.4 Safety 4. Human and animal electrical sensitivity 4.1 Impedance of the human body
19	4.2 Current thresholds for humans
20	4.3 Animal electrical sensitivity
21	5. Contact voltage 5.1 Background
22	5.2 Identification of contact voltage
25	5.3 Causes of contact voltage
27	5.4 Contact voltage detection (CVD)
31	5.5 Verification and measurement of contact voltage
38	5.6 Developing a CVD program
43	6. Stray voltage 6.1 Background 6.2 Causes of stray voltage
46	6.3 Detection of stray voltage
47	6.4 Equipment for detecting stray voltage
48	6.5 Verification and measurement of stray voltage
53	6.6 Mitigating stray voltage
58	Annex A (normative) Contact voltage measurement protocol A.1 Establish a qualified reference
59	A.2 Verify candidate references are not energized
60	A.3 Prepare measurement surfaces A.4 Eliminate false positives due to capacitive coupling A.5 Characterize the voltage source
62	Annex B (normative) Contact voltage investigation protocol
63	B.1 General mitigation procedure
64	B.2 Asset specific troubleshooting approaches
67	B.3 Considerations when previously reported voltage cannot be found
71	B.4 Data collection
74	Annex C (normative) Stray voltage investigation for confined livestock C.1 Data collection C.2 Case history C.3 Electrical system review C.4 Record of measurements5
81	C.5 Analysis of collected data
82	C.6 General
83	Annex D (normative) Swimming pool investigations D.1 Voltage-source diagnosis D.2 Construction methods
84	D.3 National Electrical Code (NEC) requirements
86	D.3.2 Ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) requirements D.4 Measurement point selection
88	D.5 Recording measurements
92	D.6 Analysis of collected data
93	Annex E (normative) Marina and boat dock investigations E.1 Voltage source diagnosis E.2 Codes and standards
94	E.3 Measurement point selection E.4 Recording measurements
98	E.5 Analysis of collected data
100	Annex F (informative) Confined livestock stray voltage investigation forms
113	Annex G (informative) Bibliography
117	Back cover