BS EN IEC 62127-1:2022 – TC:2023 Edition
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Tracked Changes. Ultrasonics. Hydrophones – Measurement and characterization of medical ultrasonic fields
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2023 | 260 |
IEC 62127-1:2022 is available as IEC 62127-1:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62127-1:2022 specifies methods of use of calibrated hydrophones for the measurement in liquids of acoustic fields generated by ultrasonic medical equipment including bandwidth criteria and calibration frequency range requirements in dependence on the spectral content of the fields to be characterized. This document: – defines a group of acoustic parameters that can be measured on a physically sound basis; – defines a second group of parameters that can be derived under certain assumptions from these measurements, and called derived intensity parameters; – defines a measurement procedure that can be used for the determination of acoustic pressure parameters; – defines the conditions under which the measurements of acoustic parameters can be made using calibrated hydrophones; – defines procedures for correcting for limitations caused by the use of hydrophones with finite bandwidth and finite active element size, and for estimating the corresponding uncertainties. IEC 62127-1:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007 and Amendment 1:2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition. a) The upper frequency limit of 40 MHz has been removed. b) Hydrophone sensitivity definitions have been changed to recognize sensitivities as complex-valued quantities. c) Procedures and requirements for narrow-band approximation and broadband measurements have been modified; details on waveform deconvolution have been added. d) Procedures for spatial averaging correction have been amended. e) Annex D, Annex E and bibliography have been updated to support the changes of the normative parts.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | 30461567 |
| 152 | A-30363494 |
| 153 | undefined |
| 156 | Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications |
| 158 | English CONTENTS |
| 162 | FOREWORD |
| 164 | INTRODUCTION |
| 165 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 166 | 3 Terms and definitions |
| 168 | Figures Figure 1 – Schematic diagram of the different planes and lines in an ultrasonic field |
| 182 | Figure 2 – Several apertures and planes for a transducer of unknown geometry |
| 185 | Figure 3 – Parameters for describing a focusing transducer of known geometry |
| 188 | 4 Symbols |
| 190 | 5 Measurement requirements 5.1 Requirements for hydrophones and amplifiers 5.1.1 Preface 5.1.2 General |
| 191 | 5.1.3 Sensitivity of a hydrophone 5.1.4 Directional response of a hydrophone 5.1.5 Effective hydrophone size 5.1.6 Choice of the size of a hydrophone active element |
| 193 | 5.1.7 Bandwidth |
| 196 | 5.1.8 Linearity 5.1.9 Hydrophone signal amplifier 5.1.10 Hydrophone cable length and amplifiers |
| 197 | 5.2 Requirements for positioning and water baths 5.2.1 General 5.2.2 Positioning systems |
| 198 | 5.2.3 Water bath |
| 199 | 5.3 Requirements for data acquisition and analysis systems 5.4 Recommendations for ultrasonic equipment being characterized 6 Measurement procedure 6.1 General |
| 200 | 6.2 Preparation and alignment 6.2.1 Preparation 6.2.2 Aligning an ultrasonic transducer and a hydrophone 6.3 Measurement 6.4 Analysis 6.4.1 Corrections for restricted bandwidth and spatial resolution 6.4.2 Uncertainties |
| 201 | 7 Beam characterization 7.1 General Tables Table 1 – Acoustic parameters appropriate to various types of medical ultrasonic equipment |
| 202 | 7.2 Primary pressure parameters 7.2.1 General Figure 4 – Schematic diagram of the method of determining pulse duration |
| 203 | 7.2.2 Peak-compressional acoustic pressure and peak-rarefactional acoustic pressure 7.2.3 Spatial-peak RMS acoustic pressure |
| 204 | 7.2.4 Local distortion parameter 7.3 Intensity parameters derived from acoustic pressure 7.3.1 General |
| 205 | 7.3.2 Intensity parameters using pulse-pressure-squared integral |
| 208 | 8 Requirements for specific ultrasonic fields 8.1 General 8.2 Diagnostic fields 8.2.1 Simplified procedures and guidelines 8.2.2 Pulsed wave diagnostic equipment |
| 209 | 8.2.3 Continuous wave diagnostic equipment |
| 210 | 8.2.4 Diagnostic equipment with low acoustic output 8.3 Therapy fields 8.3.1 Physiotherapy equipment |
| 211 | 8.3.2 High intensity therapeutic ultrasonic fields 8.3.3 Non-focused and weakly focused pressure pulses 8.4 Surgical fields 8.4.1 Lithotripters and pressure pulse sources for other therapeutic purposes |
| 212 | 8.4.2 Low frequency surgical applications 8.5 Fields from other medical applications 9 Conformity statement 9.1 General 9.2 Maximum probable values |
| 213 | 9.3 Sampling |
| 214 | Annexes Annex A (informative) General rationale |
| 216 | Annex B (informative) Hydrophones and positioning B.1 General B.2 Electrical loading considerations B.3 Hydrophone signal amplifier B.4 Hydrophone cable length and amplifiers |
| 217 | B.5 Transducer positioning |
| 218 | B.6 Alignment of hydrophones B.7 Water bath lining material B.8 Recommendations for ultrasonic equipment being characterized |
| 219 | B.9 Types of hydrophones B.9.1 Ceramic needle hydrophones B.9.2 PVDF needle hydrophones B.9.3 PVDF membrane hydrophones |
| 220 | B.9.4 Fibre-optic and optic hydrophones |
| 221 | B.9.5 Relative performance of different types B.10 Typical specification data for hydrophones Table B.1 – Typical specification data for hydrophones, in this case given at 1 MHz [69] |
| 222 | Annex C (informative) Acoustic pressure and intensity |
| 223 | Table C.1 – Properties of distilled or de-ionized water as a function of temperature [71] |
| 224 | Annex D (informative) Voltage to pressure conversion D.1 General |
| 225 | D.2 Hydrophone deconvolution procedure |
| 226 | D.3 Converting the data between double-sided and single-sided spectra Figure D.1 – A flow diagram of the hydrophone deconvolution process |
| 227 | Table D.1 – Method of conversion from a double- to a single-sided spectrum Table D.2 – Method of conversion from a single- to a double-sided spectrum |
| 228 | D.4 Use of hydrophone calibration data D.4.1 Calibration data interpolation D.4.2 Calibration data extrapolation |
| 229 | D.4.3 Regularization filtering |
| 230 | D.5 Implication of the hydrophone deconvolution process on measurement duration Figure D.2 – Example of waveform deconvolution |
| 231 | D.6 Validation of deconvolution implementation |
| 232 | Annex E (informative) Correction for spatial averaging E.1 Linear and quasilinear fields |
| 234 | E.2 Linear fields, quasilinear fields, and broadband nonlinearly distorted waveforms |
| 237 | Annex F (informative) Acoustic output parameters for multi-mode medical ultrasonic fields in the absence of scan-frame synchronization F.1 General F.2 Current philosophy |
| 238 | F.3 Need for an alternative approach F.4 Proposed approach F.4.1 Alternative philosophy Table F.1 – Main basic parameters defined in this document or in IEC 61161 |
| 239 | F.4.2 Alternative parameters Table F.2 – List of parameters that are to be used or are to be deleted |
| 240 | F.5 Measurement methods F.5.1 General F.5.2 Peak pressures F.5.3 Temporal-average intensity |
| 241 | F.5.4 Frequency F.5.5 Power F.6 Discussion F.6.1 Relationship to existing standards |
| 242 | F.6.2 Advantages F.6.3 Disadvantages |
| 243 | Annex G (informative) Propagation medium and degassing |
| 244 | Annex H (informative) Specific ultrasonic fields H.1 Diagnostic fields H.1.1 Useful relationships between acoustical parameters |
| 245 | H.1.2 Pulsed wave diagnostic equipment H.1.3 Continuous wave diagnostic equipment |
| 246 | H.2 Therapy fields H.2.1 Physiotherapy equipment H.2.2 High intensity therapeutic ultrasonic equipment H.2.3 Non-focused and weakly focused pressure pulses H.3 Surgical fields H.3.1 Lithotripters H.3.2 Low frequency surgical applications |
| 247 | Annex I (informative) Assessment of uncertainty in the acoustic quantities obtained by hydrophone measurements I.1 General I.2 Overall (expanded) uncertainty I.3 Common sources of uncertainty |
| 249 | Annex J (informative) Transducer and hydrophone positioning systems Figure J.1 – Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic transducer andhydrophone degrees of freedom |
| 250 | Annex K (informative) Beamwidth midpoint method Table K.1 – Decibel beamwidth levels for determining midpoints |
| 251 | Bibliography |
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