| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 4<\/td>\n | CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | INTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | Figures Figure 1 \u2013 Beam geometry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 4 Environmental conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 5 Recommended equipment 6 Test methods 6.1 Instruments 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Hydrophones 6.1.3 Oscilloscope or other transient recorder <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 6.1.4 Spectrum analyzer 6.1.5 Pulse generator 6.1.6 Tissue-mimicking test objects 6.1.7 Tank and degassed water 6.1.8 High or low reflective target 6.1.9 Target holder and\/or positioning system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | 6.1.10 Computing system to run computer-assisted evaluation software 6.1.11 Software to evaluate quality parameters 6.2 Test settings 6.2.1 General 6.2.2 Display settings (focus, brilliance, contrast) 6.2.3 Sensitivity settings (frequency, suppression, output power, overall gain, TGC, automatic TGC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | 6.2.4 Final optimisation 6.2.5 Recording system 6.3 Tested quantities \/ parameters and procedures 6.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 6.3.2 Acoustic working-frequency bandwidth 6.3.3 Resolution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 6.3.4 Contrast-detail resolution 6.3.5 Non- or minimally-scattering region detectability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | Figure 2 \u2013 Reticulated foam with random voids <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 6.3.6 Dead zone and proximal and distal working limits 6.3.7 Slice thickness 6.3.8 Depth of penetration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 6.3.9 Displayed dynamic range 6.3.10 Display error or position recording error 6.3.11 Measurement system accuracy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 6.3.12 M-mode calibration 6.3.13 Beam shape <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 6.3.14 Uniformity-degradation (element or channel) test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) Test objects and tissue-mimicking material A.1 Test object structures A.2 Tissue-mimicking materials A.3 Description of test objects A.3.1 Soft tissue-mimicking test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | A.3.2 Axial resolution test object Figure A.1 \u2013 Soft tissue-mimicking test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | A.3.3 Multi-purpose resolution test object Figure A.2 \u2013 Axial resolution test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Figure A.3 \u2013 Multi-purpose resolution test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | A.3.4 Contrast test objects Figure A.4 \u2013 Slice-thickness measurement and calculation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | A.3.5 Low-scattering sphere void test object Figure A.5 \u2013 Contrast test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | A.3.6 Randomly positioned, embedded low-echo spheres phantom Figure A.6 \u2013 Non-scattering spheres test object <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | A.3.7 Cylindrical-void phantom Figure A.7 \u2013 End view of the phantom applicable for 2 MHz to 7 MHz showing the spatially random distribution of 4-mm diameter spheres <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | A.3.8 Edinburgh pipe phantom Figure A.8 \u2013 Essential components of Satrapa’s cylindical-void phantom Figure A.9 \u2013 Structures of foams <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | Figure A.10 \u2013 Schematic of Edinburgh pipe phantom showing anechoic pipes within the tissue mimicking material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | A.3.9 Crossed-threads phantom Figure A.11 \u2013 Image from a preclinical ultrasound scanner operating at 55 MHz showing the length over which a 92-micron pipe can be visualised in the scan plane <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | Figure A.12 \u2013 3D-thread phantom Figure A.13 \u2013 Beam profiles calculated from the single-filament images <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | Figure A.14 \u2013 Thread groups with threads stretched at 45\u00ba angles to each other <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | Figure A.15 \u2013 (above) Azimuthal and elevational beam profiles obtained from a filament phantom; (below) Constant depth (C-images) from a random-void phantom Figure A.16 \u2013 Beam profiles calculated for a matrix probe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Test procedures B.1 Analysis of random-void phantoms B.1.1 Automated segmentation and sorting of voids <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | B.1.2 Procedure for detecting voids and assigning contrast-scaled spherical objects to them for display of the best imaging zones Figure B.1 \u2013 Segmentation of voids performed following void contrast (void signal amplitude) ranking and transfer in small spheres like a \u201ccontainer\u201d to the corresponding contrast fraction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | Figure B.2 \u2013 WCR-plot for 10 fractions with the reference level set to 70 Figure B.3 \u2013 Screen shots of rotating volume images of a random-void phantom using gray-scale (left) and VDRi-levels (right) in transparent mode <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | B.2 Analysis of beam profiles using cross-threads phantoms B.2.1 Test procedure for crossed-threads phantom B.2.2 Analysis of display sonic contrast when using a foam phantom Figure B.4 \u2013 Screen shot of a rotating-volume image of random-void phantom after automatic segmentation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | Figure B.5 \u2013 Determination of display sonic contrast (symbolic) Figure B.6 \u2013 Result of 3D-display sonic contrast determination (example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 54<\/td>\n | Figure B.7 \u2013 A Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) chart, giving only “signal\u201c without “noise\u201c, expressed in dB <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ultrasonics. Real-time pulse-echo systems. Test procedures to determine performance specifications<\/b><\/p>\n |