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BSI PD IEC TR 61390:2022

BSI PD IEC TR 61390:2022

$198.66

Ultrasonics. Real-time pulse-echo systems. Test procedures to determine performance specifications

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2022 58
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PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
7 FOREWORD
9 INTRODUCTION
10 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
13 Figures
Figure 1 – Beam geometry
20 4 Environmental conditions
21 5 Recommended equipment
6 Test methods
6.1 Instruments
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Hydrophones
6.1.3 Oscilloscope or other transient recorder
22 6.1.4 Spectrum analyzer
6.1.5 Pulse generator
6.1.6 Tissue-mimicking test objects
6.1.7 Tank and degassed water
6.1.8 High or low reflective target
6.1.9 Target holder and/or positioning system
23 6.1.10 Computing system to run computer-assisted evaluation software
6.1.11 Software to evaluate quality parameters
6.2 Test settings
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Display settings (focus, brilliance, contrast)
6.2.3 Sensitivity settings (frequency, suppression, output power, overall gain, TGC, automatic TGC)
24 6.2.4 Final optimisation
6.2.5 Recording system
6.3 Tested quantities / parameters and procedures
6.3.1 General
25 6.3.2 Acoustic working-frequency bandwidth
6.3.3 Resolution
27 6.3.4 Contrast-detail resolution
6.3.5 Non- or minimally-scattering region detectability
28 Figure 2 – Reticulated foam with random voids
30 6.3.6 Dead zone and proximal and distal working limits
6.3.7 Slice thickness
6.3.8 Depth of penetration
31 6.3.9 Displayed dynamic range
6.3.10 Display error or position recording error
6.3.11 Measurement system accuracy
32 6.3.12 M-mode calibration
6.3.13 Beam shape
33 6.3.14 Uniformity-degradation (element or channel) test
34 Annex A (informative) Test objects and tissue-mimicking material
A.1 Test object structures
A.2 Tissue-mimicking materials
A.3 Description of test objects
A.3.1 Soft tissue-mimicking test object
35 A.3.2 Axial resolution test object
Figure A.1 – Soft tissue-mimicking test object
36 A.3.3 Multi-purpose resolution test object
Figure A.2 – Axial resolution test object
37 Figure A.3 – Multi-purpose resolution test object
38 A.3.4 Contrast test objects
Figure A.4 – Slice-thickness measurement and calculation
39 A.3.5 Low-scattering sphere void test object
Figure A.5 – Contrast test object
40 A.3.6 Randomly positioned, embedded low-echo spheres phantom
Figure A.6 – Non-scattering spheres test object
41 A.3.7 Cylindrical-void phantom
Figure A.7 – End view of the phantom applicable for 2 MHz to 7 MHz showing the spatially random distribution of 4-mm diameter spheres
42 A.3.8 Edinburgh pipe phantom
Figure A.8 – Essential components of Satrapa’s cylindical-void phantom
Figure A.9 – Structures of foams
43 Figure A.10 – Schematic of Edinburgh pipe phantom showing anechoic pipes within the tissue mimicking material
44 A.3.9 Crossed-threads phantom
Figure A.11 – Image from a preclinical ultrasound scanner operating at 55 MHz showing the length over which a 92-micron pipe can be visualised in the scan plane
45 Figure A.12 – 3D-thread phantom
Figure A.13 – Beam profiles calculated from the single-filament images
46 Figure A.14 – Thread groups with threads stretched at 45º angles to each other
47 Figure A.15 – (above) Azimuthal and elevational beam profiles obtained from a filament phantom; (below) Constant depth (C-images) from a random-void phantom
Figure A.16 – Beam profiles calculated for a matrix probe
49 Annex B (informative) Test procedures
B.1 Analysis of random-void phantoms
B.1.1 Automated segmentation and sorting of voids
50 B.1.2 Procedure for detecting voids and assigning contrast-scaled spherical objects to them for display of the best imaging zones
Figure B.1 – Segmentation of voids performed following void contrast (void signal amplitude) ranking and transfer in small spheres like a “container” to the corresponding contrast fraction
51 Figure B.2 – WCR-plot for 10 fractions with the reference level set to 70
Figure B.3 – Screen shots of rotating volume images of a random-void phantom using gray-scale (left) and VDRi-levels (right) in transparent mode
52 B.2 Analysis of beam profiles using cross-threads phantoms
B.2.1 Test procedure for crossed-threads phantom
B.2.2 Analysis of display sonic contrast when using a foam phantom
Figure B.4 – Screen shot of a rotating-volume image of random-void phantom after automatic segmentation
53 Figure B.5 – Determination of display sonic contrast (symbolic)
Figure B.6 – Result of 3D-display sonic contrast determination (example)
54 Figure B.7 – A Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) chart, giving only “signal“ without “noise“, expressed in dB
55 Bibliography

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BSI PD IEC TR 61390:2022
$198.66