IEC 62548:2016 sets out design requirements for photovoltaic (PV) arrays including DC array wiring, electrical protection devices, switching and earthing provisions. The scope includes all parts of the PV array up to but not including energy storage devices, power conversion equipment or loads. An exception is that provisions relating to power conversion equipment are covered only where DC safety issues are involved. The interconnection of small DC conditioning units intended for connection to PV modules are also included. The object of this document is to address the design safety requirements arising from the particular characteristics of photovoltaic systems. Direct current systems, and PV arrays in particular, pose some hazards in addition to those derived from conventional AC power systems, including the ability to produce and sustain electrical arcs with currents that are not greater than normal operating currents.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 94<\/td>\n | English CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 97<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 99<\/td>\n | 1 Scope and object 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 101<\/td>\n | 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms, definitions and symbols <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 108<\/td>\n | 3.2 Abbreviations 4 Compliance with IEC\u00a060364 (all parts) 5 PV array system configuration 5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 109<\/td>\n | Figures Figure 1 \u2013 General functional configuration of a PV powered system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 110<\/td>\n | Figure 2 \u2013 PV array diagram \u2013 single string example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 111<\/td>\n | Figure 3 \u2013 PV array diagram \u2013 multiple parallel string example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 112<\/td>\n | Figure 4 \u2013 PV array diagram \u2013 multiple parallel string example with array divided into sub-arrays <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 113<\/td>\n | Figure 5 \u2013 PV array example using a PCE with multiple MPPT DC inputs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 114<\/td>\n | Figure 6 \u2013 PV array example using a PCE with multiple DC inputs internally connected to a common DC bus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 116<\/td>\n | Figure 7 \u2013 PV string constructed using DC conditioning units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 118<\/td>\n | 5.2 Mechanical design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 120<\/td>\n | 6 Safety issues 6.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 121<\/td>\n | 6.2 Protection against electric shock 6.3 Protection against thermal effects 6.4 Protection against the effects of insulation faults <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 123<\/td>\n | Tables Table 1 \u2013 Requirements for different system types based on PCE isolation and PV array functional earthing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 124<\/td>\n | Table 2 \u2013 Minimum insulation resistance thresholds for detection of failure of insulation to earth <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 125<\/td>\n | Table 3 \u2013 Rated current of automatic earth fault interrupting means <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 126<\/td>\n | 6.5 Protection against overcurrent <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 128<\/td>\n | Figure 8 \u2013 Example of a PV array diagram where strings are grouped under one overcurrent protection device per group <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 130<\/td>\n | 6.6 Protection against effects of lightning and overvoltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 131<\/td>\n | 7 Selection and erection of electrical equipment 7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 132<\/td>\n | 7.2 PV array maximum voltage 7.3 Component requirements Table 4 \u2013 Voltage correction factors for crystalline and multi-crystalline silicon PV modules <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 136<\/td>\n | Table 5 \u2013 Minimum current rating of circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 137<\/td>\n | Figure 9 \u2013 Examples of reinforced protection of wiring <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 140<\/td>\n | 7.4 Location and installation requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 141<\/td>\n | Table 6 \u2013 Disconnection device requirements in PV array installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 143<\/td>\n | Figure 10 \u2013 PV array exposed conductive parts functional earthing\/bonding decision tree <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 144<\/td>\n | Figure 11 \u2013 Exposed conductive parts earthing in a PV array <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 147<\/td>\n | Figure 12 \u2013 Examples of PV string wiring with minimum loop area <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 148<\/td>\n | 8 Acceptance 9 Operation\/maintenance 10 Marking and documentation 10.1 Equipment marking 10.2 Requirements for signs <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 149<\/td>\n | 10.3 Identification of a PV installation 10.4 Labelling of PV array and PV string combiner boxes 10.5 Labelling of disconnection devices 10.6 Documentation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 150<\/td>\n | Annexes Annex A (informative) Examples of signs Figure A.1 \u2013 Example of sign required on PV array combiner boxes (10.4) Figure A.2 \u2013 Example of switchboard sign for identification of PV on a building <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 151<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Examples of system functional earthing configurations in PV arrays Figure B.1 \u2013 System functional earthing\/grounding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 152<\/td>\n | Figure B.2 \u2013 Examples different PV configurations in common use <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 153<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative) Blocking diode C.1 Introduction C.2 Use of blocking diodes to prevent overcurrent\/fault current in arrays C.3 Examples of blocking diode use in fault situations C.3.1 General C.3.2 Short circuit in PV string <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 154<\/td>\n | Figure C.1 \u2013 Effect of blocking diode where there is a short circuit in PV string Figure C.2 \u2013 Effect of blocking diode where there is an earth fault on a system with earthing on the minus side <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 155<\/td>\n | C.4 Specification of blocking diode C.5 Heat dissipation design for blocking diode Figure C.3 \u2013 Effect of blocking diode where there is an earth fault on a system with positive side earthing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 157<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative) Arc fault detection and interruption in PV arrays Figure D.1 \u2013 Examples of types of arcs in PV arrays <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 158<\/td>\n | Annex E (normative) DVC limits Table E.1 \u2013 Summary of the limits of the decisive voltage classes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 159<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tracked Changes. Photovoltaic (PV) arrays. Design requirements<\/b><\/p>\n |