1.1 General These Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications describe specific functional requirements for HVDC Grid Systems. The terminology “HVDC Grid Systems” is used here describing HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two converter stations connected to a common d.c. circuit. While this document focuses on requirements, that are specific for HVDC Grid Systems, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e. including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC, Cigr\u00e9 or other documents relevant have been used for reference as far as possible. Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. .only nominal d.c. voltages equal or higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document. NOTE While the physical principles of d.c. networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower d.c. voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear. Both parts have the same outline and headlines to aid the reader. 1.2 About the Present Release The present release of the Guidelines and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications describes technical guidelines and specifications for HVDC Grid Systems which are characterized by having exactly one single connection between two converter stations, often referred to as radial systems. When developing the requirements for radial systems, care is taken not to build up potential show-stoppers for meshed systems. Meshed HVDC Grid Systems can be included into this specification at a later point in time. The Guidelines and Parameter List to the Functional Specification of HVDC Grid Systems cover technical aspects of – Coordination of HVDC Grid and a.c. Systems – HVDC Grid System Characteristics – HVDC Grid System Control – HVDC Grid System Protection – Models and Validation – Beyond the present scope, the following aspects are proposed for future work: – AC\/DC converter stations – HVDC Grid System Equipment – HVDC Grid System Integration Tests<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 1.1 General 1.2 About the Present Release 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 3.2 Abbreviations 4 Coordination of HVDC Grid System and AC Systems 4.1 Purpose of the HVDC Grid System and Power Network Diagram <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 4.2 Hybrid AC\/DC Power Flow Optimization <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 4.3 Basic Operation Functions \u2013 Converter Normal Operation State 4.3.1 General 4.3.2 AC System Frequency by a Frequency \/ Power Droop <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 4.3.3 DC Voltage \/ DC Power Droop <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 4.4 Basic Operation Functions \u2013 Converter Abnormal Operation State 4.4.1 General 4.4.2 Network Conditions and Power Flow Requirements 4.4.3 Abnormal AC Voltage Conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 4.5 Ancillary Services 4.5.1 General 4.5.2 Frequency Control Related Services 4.5.2.1 Synthetic Inertia (Differential Frequency Control) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 4.5.2.2 Frequency Containment Reserve (Primary Frequency Control) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 4.5.2.3 Frequency Restoration Reserve (Secondary Active Power Control) 4.5.2.4 Replacement Reserves (Tertiary Control) 4.5.3 AC Voltage Control Related Services <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 4.5.4 Power Oscillation Damping Services 4.5.4.1 General 4.5.4.2 Electromechanical Oscillations 4.5.4.3 Sub-Synchronous Torsional Interactions 4.5.5 System Restoration Services 4.5.5.1 General 4.5.5.2 Blackstart 4.5.5.3 Post AC Fault Active Power Recovery 5 HVDC Grid System Characteristics 5.1 HVDC Circuit Topologies 5.1.1 Basic Characteristics and Nomenclature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 5.1.2 Attributes of HVDC Grid Systems or HVDC Grid Sub-Systems 5.1.2.1 Number of HV Poles 5.1.2.2 DC Earthing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 5.1.3 Attributes of a Converter Station 5.1.3.1 Connection to HV Poles 5.1.3.2 Neutral Return Path <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 5.1.3.3 Station Earthing 5.2 Grid Operating States 5.2.1 Normal State 5.2.2 Alert State 5.2.3 Emergency State 5.2.4 Blackout State 5.2.5 Restoration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 5.3 DC Voltages 5.3.1 General 5.3.2 Nominal DC System Voltage 5.3.3 Steady-State DC Voltage 5.3.4 Temporary DC Voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 5.4 Insulation Coordination 5.5 Short-Circuit Characteristics 5.5.1 General Remarks 5.5.2 Calculation of Short-Circuit Currents in HVDC Grid Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 5.5.3 Short Circuit Current Design Requirements 5.6 Steady-State Voltage and Current Distortions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 6 HVDC Grid System Control 6.1 Closed-Loop Control Functions 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Core Control Functions 6.1.3 Coordinating Control Functions 6.2 Controller Hierarchy 6.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 6.2.2 Internal Converter Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | 6.2.3 DC Node Voltage Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | 6.2.4 Coordinated System Control 6.2.4.1 General 6.2.4.2 Autonomous Adaptation Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | 6.2.4.3 DC Grid Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | 6.2.5 AC\/DC Grid Control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | 6.3 Propagation of Information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | 6.4 Open-Loop Controls 6.4.1 Operating Sequences for Grid Installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | 6.4.2 Operating Sequences for the Return Path 6.4.3 Recovery <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | 7 HVDC Grid System Protection 7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | 7.2 DC Fault Separation 7.3 Protection System Related Installations and Equipment 7.3.1 AC\/DC Converter Station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | 7.3.2 HVDC Grid System Topology and Equipment 7.4 HVDC Grid System Protection Zones 7.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | 7.4.2 Permanent Stop P <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | 7.4.3 Permanent Stop PQ <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | 7.4.4 Temporary Stop P <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | 7.4.5 Temporary Stop PQ 7.4.6 Continued Operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | 7.4.7 Example of a Protection Zone Matrix <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | 7.5 DC Protection 7.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 54<\/td>\n | 7.5.2 DC Converter Protections 7.5.3 HVDC Grid System Protections 7.5.3.1 General 7.5.3.2 Protection Schemes Based on Communication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | 7.5.3.3 Protection Scheme without Communication 7.5.4 HVDC Hub Respective HVDC Node Protections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 56<\/td>\n | 7.5.5 DC Grid Protection Communication 8 AC\/DC Converter Stations 8.1 General 8.2 AC\/DC Converter Station Types <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 57<\/td>\n | 9 HVDC Grid System Installations 10 Models and Validation 10.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 58<\/td>\n | 10.2 HVDC Grid System Studies 10.2.1 Type of Studies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 59<\/td>\n | 10.2.2 Tools and Methods 10.3 Model General Specifications 10.3.1 Model Capability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 60<\/td>\n | 10.3.2 Model Format and Data Type 10.3.3 Model Aggregation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 61<\/td>\n | 10.4 Model Specific Recommendations 10.4.1 Load Flow Models 10.4.2 Short-Circuit Models 10.4.3 Protection System Models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 62<\/td>\n | 10.4.4 Insulation Coordination Related Models 10.4.5 Electromechanical Transient Models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 63<\/td>\n | 10.4.6 Electromagnetic Transient Models <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 64<\/td>\n | 10.4.7 Power Quality Models 10.5 Model Validation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 66<\/td>\n | 10.6 Compliance Simulation 10.7 Outputs\/Results 10.7.1 Model Data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 67<\/td>\n | 10.7.2 Model Documentation 10.7.3 Model Example 10.7.4 Model Compliance Documentation 10.7.5 Model Validation Documentation \u2013 Model Final Version <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 68<\/td>\n | 10.7.6 Model Guarantee 11 HVDC Grid System Integration Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations. Guideline and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications – Guidelines<\/b><\/p>\n |